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The term "[[neurosis]]" ([[Fr]]. ''[[{{Top}}névrose]]'') is originally a [[psychiatric]] term which came to denote, in the eighteen-century, a whole range of nervous disorders defined by a wide variety of [[symptom]]s.{{Bottom}}

==Sigmund Freud=====Mental Disorder==="[[Neurosis]]" is originally a [[psychiatric]] term which came to denote, in the eighteenth-century, a [[whole]] range of [[treatment|nervous disorders]] defined by a wide variety of [[symptom]]s. [[Freud]] uses the term in a [[number ]] of ways, sometimes as a general term for all [[treatment|mental disorders ]] in [[Works of Sigmund Freud|his early work]], and sometimes to denote a specific [[class ]] of [[treatment|mental disorders ]] (i.e. in opposiiton to [[psychosis]]).

==Jacques Lacan=====Clinical Structure===In [[Lacan]]'s [[work]], the term [[neurosis]] always [[figures ]] in opposition to [[psychosis]] and [[perversion]], and refers not to a set of [[symptom]]s but to a [[particular ]] [[clinical structure]]. This use of the term to designate a [[structure]] problematizes [[Freud]]'s [[distinction]] between [[neurosis]] and normality.

This use ===Neurosis and Normality===[[Freud]] bases this distinction purely on a quantitative factors ("[[psychoanalytic]] research finds no fundamental but only quantitative distinction between normal and neurotic [[life]]"<ref>{{F}} ''[[The Interpretation of the term to designate Dreams]]'', 1990a: [[SE]] V: 373</ref>) which is not a [[structurestructural]] distinction. In [[structural]] problematizes [[Freudterms]]'s , therefore, there is no distinction between the "normal" [[neurosissubject]] and normalitythe [[neurotic]].

[[Freud]] bases this distinction purely on a quantitative factors ("psychoanalytic research finds no fundamental but only quantitative distinction between normal ===Psychosis and neurotic life"<ref>Freud. 1990a: SE V, 373</ref>), which is not a [[structural]] distinction.Perversion=== In This [[structuralLacanian]] terms, therefore, there is no distinction between the normal nosology [[subjectidentifies]] and the [[neuroticthree]]. This [[Lacanian]] nosology identifies three [[clinical structures]]: [[neurosis]], [[psychosis]] and [[perversion]], in which there is no [[position ]] of "mental health" which could be called "normal."<ref>{{S8}} p.374-5; {{E}} p.163</ref> . The normal [[structure]], in the [[sense ]] of that which is found in the statistical majority of the population, is [[neurosis]], and "mental health" is an [[illusory ]] [[ideal ]] of [[split|wholeness ]] which can never be attained because the [[subject]] is essentially [[split]]. THus Thus whereas [[Freud]] sees [[neurosis]] as an [[illness ]] that can be cured[[cure]]d, [[Lacan]] sees [[neurosis]] as a [[structure]] that cannot be altered.  The aim of [[psychoanalytic treatment]] is therefore not the eradication of the [[neurosis]] but the modification of the [[subject]]'s position ''vis-à-vis'' the [[neurosis]]. --

<blockquote>"[[Neurosis]] "is a question that [[being ]] poses for the subject."<ref>{{E}} p.168</ref> The two forms of [[neurosis]] ([[hysteria]] and [[obsessional neurosis]]) are distinguished by the content of the question. The question of the [[hysteric]] ("Am I a man or a woman?") relates to one's sex, whereas the question of the [[obsessional neurosis]] ("To be or not to be?") relates to the contingency of one's own [[existence]]. These two questions (the hysterical question about sexual identity, and the obsessional question about death/existence) "are as it happens the two ultimate questions that have precisely no solution in the signifier. This is what gives neurotics this existential value."<ref>{{S3}} p.190</ref>blockquote>

The two forms of [[neurosis]] -- [[hysteria]] and [[obsessional neurosis]] -- are distinguished by the [[content]] of the question. The question of the [[hysteric]] ("[[hysteria|Am I a man or a woman?]]") relates to one's [[sex]], whereas the question of the [[obsessional neurosis]] ("[[obsessional neurosis|To be or not to be?]]") relates to the [[time|contingency]] of one's own [[existence]]. These two questions (the [[hysteria|hysterical]] question [[about]] [[sexuality|sexual identity]], and the [[obsessional]] question about [[death]]/[[existence]]) "are as it happens the two ultimate questions that have precisely no solution in the [[signifier]]. This is what gives neurotics this existential [[value]]."<ref>{{S3}} p.190</ref>

===Phobia===At [[times ]] [[Lacan]] lists [[phobia]] as a [[neurosis]] alongside [[hysteria]] and [[obsessional neurosis]], thus raising the question of whether there are not two but three forms of [[neurosis]].<ref>{{E}} p.168</ref>

* [[PhobiaPerversion]]||* [[Psychosis]]* [[Split]]||

{{Cat}}[[Category:DictionaryNeurosis]][[Category:Practice]]