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The "[[other/Other (]]" is perhaps the most [[complex]] term in [[Lacan]]'s [[work]]. {{Top}}[[autre/]]]]'', ''[[Autre) {{Bottom}}

==defJacques Lacan==OTHER (see also LOVE)Zižek's ultimate position is that there is no Other of [[Freud]] uses the Other'. thatis, no final guarantee of the symbolic order: term "There is no [[other]]"big to [[speak]] of ''[[Other"guaranteeing the consistency of the symbolic space within which wedimension of social antagonism, (p. 273). To this extent, tlie subjectcan be thought as a certain excess of ideological interpellation, thatwhich in a way remains "beyond interpellation|der Andere]]': 'that which definesthe subject, let us not forget, is precisely the inestion" (p.41). Theexperience of subjectivity is thus an experience of pure negativity. inwhich every aspect of identity must be lost or sacrificed n] "tarryingwith the negative,other person" ... Hegel) and ''s whole point is that the subject does notsurvive the ordeal of negativity: he effectively loses his very essence andpasses over into his [[Other|das Andere]]'' (p.217"otherness") Tl e correlative of the subjectwithin the symbolic order can therefore be thought of as objet a, thatwhich stands but in for the Real:) 'the matheme for the subject is S1930s, anempty place in when [[Lacan]] first begins to use the structureterm, an elided signifier, while o/7/et a it is bydefinition an excessive objetnot very salient, an object that lacks its place in thestructureand refers simply to " (pother [[people]]. 193) This equivalence must nevertheless " The term seems to be claritied:'The parallel between the void borrowed from [[Hegel]], to whose work [[Lacan]] was introduced in a series of the transcendental subject (S) andthe void of the transcendental object lectures given by [[Alexandre Kojève]] in 1933- the inaccessible X that causesour perceptions is misleading here: the transcendental object is thevoid beyond phenomenal appearances, while the transcendentalsubject alreadr appears as a void' (p.233)9.

==defLittle and Big Other== The 'other' is perhaps the most complex term in Lacan's work. When Lacan first begins to use the term, in the 1930s, it is not very salient, and refers simply to 'other people'. Although Freud does use the term 'other', speaking of both der Andere (the other person) and das Andere (otherness), Lacan seems to have borrowed the term from Hegel, to whose work Lacan was introduced in a series of lectures given by Alexandre KojËve at the Ecole des Hautes Etudes in 1933-9 (see KojËve, 1947).In 1955 , [[Lacan ]] draws a [[distinction ]] between 'the "[[little other' ('the other') ]]" and 'the "[[big Other]]' " ('"the [[Other') (S2, ch. 19]]"), a distinction which remains central throughout the rest of his work. <ref>{{S2}} Chapter 19</ref> Thereafter, in Lacanian [[Lacan]]ian [[algebra]], the [[big Other]] is designated '''A ''' (upper [[case]], for [[French ]] ''[[Other|Autre]]'') and the [[little other ]] is designated <i>'''a '''</i> (lower case italiciseditalicized, for [[French autre). Lacan asserts that an awareness of this distinction is fundamental to analytic practice: the analyst must be ]] 'thoroughly imbued' with the difference between A and a (E, 140), so that he can situate himself in the place of Other, and not of the other (Ec, 454).1. The little other is the other who is not [[RealOther|autre]]ly other, but a reflection and projection of the EGo (which is why the symbol a can represent the little other and the ego interchangeably in SCHEMA L''). He is simultaneously the [[Counterpart]] and the SPECULAR IMAGE. The little other is thus entirely inscribed in the [[Imaginary]] order. For a more detailed discussion of the development of the symbol a in Lacan's work, see oBJETPETITA.2. The [[big Other]] designates radical alterity, asserts that an other-ness which transcends the illusory otherness of the [[Imaginaryawareness]] because it cannot be assimilated through identification. Lacan equates of this radical alterity with language and the law, and hence the [[big Other]] distinction is inscribed in the order of the fundamental to [[Symbolicanalytic treatment|analytic practice]]. Indeed, : the [[big Otheranalyst]] is must be "thoroughly imbued" with the [[Symbolicdifference]] insofar as it is particularised for each subject. The Other is thus both another subject, in his radical alterity and unassimilable uniqueness, and also the [[Symbolic]] order which mediates the relationship with that other subject.However, the meaning of between 'the Other as another subject' is strictly secondary to the meaning of 'the Other as [[Symbolic]] orderA'; 'the Other must first of all be considered a locus, the locus in which speech is constituted' (S3, 274). It is thus only possible to speak of the Other as a subject in a secondary sense, in the sense that a subject may occupy this position and thereby <i>'embody' the Other for another subject (S8, 202).In arguing that speech originates not in the ego, nor even in the subject, but in the Other, Lacan is stressing that speech and language are beyond one's conscious control; they come from another place, outside consciousness, and hence a''the unconscious is the discourse of the Other' (Ec</i>, 16)<ref>{{E}} p. In conceiving of 140</ref> so that he can situate himself in the Other as a place, Lacan alludes to Freud's concept of psychical locality, in which the unconscious is described as 'the other scene (see SCENE).It is the mother who first occupies the position of the [[big Other]] for the child, because it is she who receives the child's primitive cries and retroactively sanctions them as a particular message (see PUNCTUATION). The [[Castration Complex]] is formed when the child discovers that this Other is not complete, that there is a LACK in the Other. In other words, there is always a signifier missing from the treasury of signifiers constituted by the Other. The mythical complete Other (written A in Lacanian algebra) does not exist. In 1957 Lacan illustrates this incomplete Other graphically by striking a BAR through the symbol A, to produce A; hence another name for the castrated, incomplete Other is the barred Other.The Other is also 'the Other sex' (S20, 40). The Other sex is always [[Womanother]], for both male and female subjects; 'Man here acts as the relay whereby the [[Woman]] becomes this Other for herself as she is this Other for him' (.<ref>{{Ec, 732)}} p.454</ref>

==def=Big Other (Autre, "A")===The [[big Other]] designates radical [[alterity]], an [[otherness]] which transcends the [[illusory]] [[other|otherness]] of the [[imaginary]] because it cannot be assimilated through [[identification]]. [[Lacan]] equates the [[big Other]] with [[language]] and the [[law]], and hence the [[big Other]] is inscribed in the [[symbolic]] [[order]]. Indeed, the [[big Other]] ''is'' the [[symbolic]] insofar as it is particularized for each [[subject]]. Thus, the [[Other]] is both another [[subject]] in its radical [[alterity]] and unassimilable uniqueness and also the [[symbolic]] [[order]] which mediates the [[relationship]] with that [[subject]].

Like many terms in literary ==Speech and cultural theorythe Other==However, other has an everyday use that only hints at its technical the [[meaning in Lacanian psychoanalysis. Lacan actually designates two ]] of "othersthe [[Other]] as another [[subject]]", one with a lower-case is strictly secondary to the meaning of "othe [[Other]] as [[symbolic]] [[order]]." (or "The Other must first of all be considered alocus, the locus in which speech is constituted." for autre <ref>{{S3}} p. 274</ref> It is thus only possible to speak of the [[Other]] as a [[subject]] in a secondary [[sense]], in French) the sense that a [[subject]] may occupy this position and one with a capital thereby "Oembody":the [[Other]] for another [[subject]].<ref>{{S8}} p. 202</ref>

other===Discourse of the Other===The In arguing that [[mirror stagespeech]] sets up an image of originates not in the [[ego as ]] or even in the [[subject]] but in the [[Other]], [[Lacan]] is stressing that [[speech]] and [[language]] are beyond [[conscious]] [[control]]; they come from an [[Ideal-Egoother]] for place, [[outside]] [[consciousness]], and hence "the [[unconscious]] is the [[subjectdiscourse]] of the [[Other]]. This Ideal-I becomes an "other" within <ref>{{Ec}} p. 16</ref> In conceiving of the subject[[Other]] as a [[place]], [[Lacan]] alludes to [[Freud]]'s experience [[concept]] of his or her "I"[[psychical locality]], a component of a in which the [[unconscious]] is described as "selfthe [[other]] [[scene]]." that is internally divided.

==Lack in the Other==The Other represents "other people," other subjects whom It is the individual encounters in social life, but for Lacan it also stands for language and [[mother]] who first occupies the conventions [[position]] of social life organized under the category of the law. Because language and [[big Other]] for the codes of human societies pre-exist any individual human being[[child]], these systems are "other" to because it is she who receives the individual subject[[child]]'s [[primitive]] cries and [[retroactively]] sanctions [[them]] as a [[particular]] [[message]]. The fact [[castration complex]] is formed when the [[child]] discovers that subjectsthis [[Other]] is not [[complete]], themselves internally alienatedthat there is a [[lack]] in the [[Other]]. In other [[words]], must employ there is always a [[signifier]] [[missing]] from the Other treasury of language and [[signifier]]s constituted by the law to interact with other subjects is crucial to [[Other]]. The [[mythical]] complete [[Other]] (written '''A''' in [[Lacan]]ian [[algebra]]) does not [[exist]]. In 1957 [[Lacan]] illustrates this incomplete [[Other]] graphically by striking a [[bar]] through the [[symbol]] '''<strike>A</strike>''s theory of '. Hence another [[name]] for the [[castrated]], incomplete [[Other]] is the psyche as well as to its practical application in therapy''[[barred]] [[Other]]''.

== def =The Other Sex===In contrast to The Other is also "the dominant Anglo-American Other sex."<ref>{{S20}} p. 40</ref> The [[ego-psychologistOther]] [[sex]]s of his time, Lacan considered the self as something constituted in the "Other", that isalways [[woman]], the conception of the externalfor both [[male]] and [[female]] [[subjects]]. Lacan argues that <blockquote>"[[Man]] here [[acts]] as the psychoanalytic movement towards understanding relay whereby the ego [[woman]] becomes this Other for herself as a coherent force with dominion over a person's psyche was rooted in a misunderstanding of Freudshe is this [[Other]] for him. In Lacan's view, the self remained in eternal internal conflict and that only extensive self-deceit made the situation bearable"<ref>{{Ec}} p. 732</ref></blockquote>

His developmental theory of the objectified self was inspired by ==See Also=={{See}}* [[Ferdinand de SaussureBar]]* [[Counterpart]]* [[Ego]]||* [[Imaginary]]* [[Little other]]* [[Lack]]||* [[Language]]* [[Law]]* [[Mother]]||* ''[[Objet (petit) a]]'s insights into the relationship of the signifier and the signified - the role of language and reference in thought were central to his formulations, particularly the '* [[Specular image]]* [[Subject]]||* [[Symbolic.]]* [[Unconscious]]* [[Woman]]{{Also}}

== [[Kid A In Alphabet LandCategory:Psychoanalysis]] ==[[ImageCategory:Kida_o.gif |right|frameJacques Lacan]]'''Kid A In Alphabet Land Obliterates Another Obstinate Opponent - The Obnoxious Other!'''[[Category:Linguistics]] You're Not My Brother - You're Another, Like Any Other! You Had Better Take Cover, 'Cuz If I Have My Druthers, You I Will Smother! - After I Take You As[[Category:Dictionary]][[Category:Kid A In Alphabet LandLanguage]] {{Footer Kid A}} 

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