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In psychoanalytic theory, a bungled action such as a slip of the tongue whose goal is not achieved and which is replaced by another.

Like symptoms, parapraxes are interpreted by [[Freud]] as compromise formations resulting from a conflict between conscious intentions and repressed feelings or impulses.

The link between parapraxes and psychopathology, moreover, is established, according to Freud, uniquely through the fact that, in the case of chance events in a real world, "slips" involve the most insignificant psychic events. By contrast, neurotic symptoms are related to the most important psychic functions from both individual and social perspectives. In both instances, however, the same processes enable such symptoms to be understood, that is, as compromise formations located between desire and defense, between a subject's conscious intention and repression.