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 [[Freud]] renounced the [[Jewish]] [[religion]] of his [[parents ]] -- though not his [[Jewish]] [[identity]] -- and considered himself an [[atheist]].  [[Freud]] regarded [[monotheistic]] forms of [[religion]] as the [[sign ]] of a highly developed [[state ]] of [[civilization]].  [[Freud]] [[thought ]] that all [[religions]] were barriers to [[cultural]] [[progress]], and thus argued that they should be abandoned iin in favor of [[science]].

[[Freud]] argued that [[religion]]s were an attempt to protect oneself against [[suffering]] by "a delusional remoulding of [[reality]]," and thus concluded that they "must be classed among the mass-[[delusions]]" of humankind.<ref>Freud{{F}} ''[[Civilization and Its Discontents]]''. 1903s1930. [[SE ]] XXI. p.81</ref>  [[Freud]] saw the [[idea ]] of [[God]] as an expression of an [[infantile]] longing for a protective [[father]].<ref>{{F}} ''[[Works of Sigmund Freud 1927b|The Future of an Illusion]]''. 1927. [[SE]] XXI, 3.</ref>  [[Freud]] described [[religion]] as a "[[universal ]] [[obsessional ]] [[neurosis]]."<ref>{{F}} "[[Works of Sigmund Freud|Obsessiove Actions and Religious Practices]]. " 1907. b[[SE]] IX, 116.</ref>

==Examples==[[Jacques Lacan]] also considers imself an 's [[atheistdiscourse]] abounds in [[metaphor]]s drawn from [[Christian]] [[theology]]. The most obvious example is surely the phrase the [[Name-of-the-Father]], having renounced which [[Lacan]] adopts to denote a fundamental [[signifier]] whose [[foreclosure]] leads to [[psychosis]]. The changes wrought by the [[Catholicsymbolic]] are described in creationist rather than evolutionary [[terms]]. In the [[seminar]] of 1972-3, [[Lacan]] uses the term "[[religion|God]]" as a [[metaphor]] for the [[Other|big Other]] , and compares [[woman|feminine]] ''[[jouissance]]'' to the ecstacy experienced by Christian mystics such as St Teresa of his parentsAvila.<ref>{{S20}} p.70-1</ref>

Like [[Freud]] he opposes [[religion]] to [[science]], and aligns [[psychoanalysis]] with the latter.<ref>{{S11}} p.265</ref>==See Also== [[Lacan]] states that the true formula of [[atheism]] is not ''God is dead'' but ''God is unconscious''.<ref>{{S11See}} p.59</ref>   [[Lacan]]'s discourse abounds in metaphors drawn from [[Christian]] [[theology]]. The most obvious example is surely the phrase the [[Name-of-the-Father]], which [[Lacan]] adopts to denote a fundamental [[signifier]] whose [[foreclosure]] leads to [[psychosis]]. The changes wrought by the [[symbolic]] are described in creationist rather than evolutionary terms. In the seminar of 1972-3, [[Lacan]] uses the term 'God' as a [[metaphor]] for the [[big Other]], and compares [[feminine]] ''[[jouissance]]'' to the ecstacy experienced by [[Christian]] [[mystic]]s such as [[St Teresa of Avila]].<ref>{{S20Also}} p.70-1</ref>