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The concept of [[repression]] ([[French]]: ''[[{{Top}}refoulement]]'') is one of the most basic [[concepts]] in [[psychoanalytic theory]].{{Bottom}}

It denotes the process by which certain =====Psychoanalytic Theory=====The [[thoughtconcept]]s or of [[memory|memoriesrepression]] are expelled from is one of the most basic [[consciousnessconcepts]] and confined to the in [[unconsciouspsychoanalytic theory]].

=====Unconscious=====It denotes the [[Freudprocess]] was first led to hypothesise the process of by which certain [[repressionthought]] through his investigation into the s or [[amnesiamemory|memories]] of are expelled from [[hysteria|hystericalconsciousness]] and confined to the '''[[patientunconscious]]s'''.

He later distinguished between =====Sigmund Freud=====[[primal repression]] (a '[[myth]Freud]ical' [[forgetting]] of something that was never [[conscious]] first led to begin with, an originary 'psychical act' by which hypothesize the process of [[unconscious]] is first constituted) and [[secondary repression]] (concrete acts through his investigation into the amnesia of [[repressionhysteria|hysterical]] whereby some idea or perception that was once [[conscious]] is expelled from the [[consciouspatient]])s.

Since =====Primary and Secondary Repression=====He later distinguished between [[repression|primal repression]] does not destroy the (a "[[ideamyth]]s or ical" [[memoriesforgetting]] of something that are its targetwas never [[conscious]] to begin with, but merely confines them to an originary "[[psychical]] act" by which the [[unconscious]], the is first constituted) and [[repressedrepression|secondary repression]] ([[materialconcrete]] is always liable to return in a distorted form, in [[symptomact]]s, of [[repression]] whereby some idea or [[dreamperception]]s, that was once [[slips of the tongueconscious]], etc. (is expelled from the [[return of the repressedconscious]]).

=====Neurosis=====For [[Lacan]], [[repression]] is the fundamental operation which distinguishes '''[[neurosis]] ''' from the [[other ]] [[clinical structure]]s. Whereas [[psychotic]]s [[foreclose]], and [[pervert]]s [[disavow]], only [[neurotic]]s [[repress]].

=====Repressed Signifier=====What is it that is repressed? At one point [[Lacan]] speaks of the [[signified]] as the [[object]] of [[repression]],<ref>{{E}}} p.55</ref> but he soon abandons this view and argues instead that it is always a [[signifier]] that is [[repressed]], never a [[signified]].<ref>{{Sl1S11}} p.218</ref> This latter view seems to correspond more closely to [[Freud]]'s view that what is repressed is not the '"[[affect]]' " (which can only be [[displaced ]] or transformed) but the '"ideational [[representative' ]]" of the [[drive]].

=====Primary=====[[LacanRepression|Primal repression]] ([[German]]: ''Urverdrängung'') is the [[alienation]] of [[desire]] when [[need]] is articulated in [[demand]].<ref>{{E}} p. 286</ref> It is also takes up the [[unconscious]] [Freud[signifying chain]]'s distinction between .<ref>{{E}} p. 314</ref> [[primal Primary repression]] and secondary is the [[repression]]:of the first [[signifier]].

[[Primal Lacan]] does not see [[repression|primary repression]] as a specific psychical [[act]], localizable in [[time]] (Ger. ''Urverdr‰ngung'') is the , but as a [[alienationstructure|structural feature]] of [[desirelanguage]] when itself - namely, its necessary [[needlack|incompleteness]] is articulated in , the [[demandimpossibility]].<ref>{{E}} p.286</ref>It is also of ever saying "the [[unconscioustruth]] [[signifying chainabout]]truth."<ref>{{EEc}} p.314868</ref>[[Primary repression]] is the [[repression]] of the first [[signifier]].

"From the moment he speaks, from that precise moment and not before, I understand that there is repression."<ref>{{S20}} p.53</ref>=====Secondary=====[[Lacan]] does not see [[primary Repression|Secondary repression]] as a specific psychical [[act]], localisable in ([[timeGerman]], but as a structural feature of [[language]] itself - namely, its necessary incompleteness, the [[impossibility]] of ever saying "the truth about truth."<ref>{{Ec}} p.868</ref>  ---- [[Secondary repression]] (Ger. ''Verdr‰ngungVerdrängung'') is a specific psychical [[act]] by which a [[signifier]] is elided from the [[signifying chain]].   [[Repression|Secondary repression]] is [[structure]]d like a [[metaphor]], and always involves 'the [[return of the repressed]]', whereby the [[repressed]] [[signifier]] reappears under the guise of the various [[formation]]s of the [[unconscious]] (i.e. [[symptom]]s, [[dream]]s, [[parapraxis|parapraxes]], [[joke]]s, etc.). In [[Repression|secondary repression]], [[repression]] and the [[return of the repressed]] "are the same [[thing]]."