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Return to Freud

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{{Top}}retour à Freud{{Bottom}}
The whole of [[Lacan]]'s work can only be understood within the context of the intellectual and theoretical legacy of [[Sigmund Freud]] (1856-1939, the founder of [[psychoanalysis]].=====Overview=====
[[LacanPsychoanalysis]] first trained as a [[psychoanalyst]] within the [[International Psychoanalytical Association]] ([[IPA]]), the organization was founded by [[Sigmund Freud]] which presented itself as the sole legitimate heir to the Freudian legacy.
However, [[Lacan]] gradually began to develop a radical critique of the way that most [[analyst]]s in the [[IPA]] had interpreted [[Freud]].
After being expelled from Psychoanalysis originates with the work of Freud and remains rooted in his theories to this day, but every generation of [[IPAanalysts]] in 1953that came after Freud has sought to update and correct those theories, and to resolve the contradictions that he [[left]] behind. Lacanargued that through this [[process]] developed his polemic further, arguing that of continual revision psychoanalysis had lost [[Freudsight]]'s radical insights of its original aims; that it had been universally betrayed by the three major become [[schoolconservative]]s and reactionary. By playing down the more uncomfortable and disturbing aspects of the [[psychoanalysistheory]] within , especially the underlying [[presence]] of [[IPArepressed]]: , [[ego-psychologyunconscious]], [[Kleinian desire]] in our [[mental]] lives, psychoanalysishad made itself respectable but it had lost its radical edge. In the early 1950s, therefore, Lacan famously declared the [[necessity]]of a 'return to Freud', that is to say, a return to the [[texts]] of Freud himself and to a close [[reading]] and [[object-relations theoryunderstanding]] of those texts. For the next 26 years he would engage in this [[project]]of close reading, and in the process would reconstitute the theory of psychoanalysis.
To remedy this situation, [[Lacan]] proposed to lead a 'return to Freud', both in the sense of a renewed attention to the actual texts of Freud himself, and a return to the essence of Freud's work which had been betrayed by the [[IPA]].
Reading [[FreudLacan]] presented a distinctive [[interpretation|reading]] in the original German allowed of [[Lacanpsychoanalysis]] to discover elements which had been obscured by poor translation and ignored by other commentators.
Thus much of In 1951, [[Lacan]]'s work is taken up with detailed textual commentaries on specific works by made his call for a "[[return to Freud]], and by numerous references to the work of other analysts whose ideas [[Lacan]] refutes.
To understand =====Freudian Legacy=====The [[whole]] of [[Lacan]]'s work, therefore, it is necessary both to have a detailed understanding can only be [[understood]] within the context of the [[Freudintellectual]]'s ideas and also a grasp [[theoretical]] legacy of the way these ideas were developed and modified by the other analysts [[Sigmund Freud]] (the 'post1856-Freudians'1939) whom Lacan criticizes, the founder [[father]] of [[psychoanalysis]].
These ideas are [[Lacan]] first trained as a [[psychoanalyst]] within the background against [[International Psychoanalytical Association]] ([[IPA]]), the organization founded by [[Freud]] which presented itself as the sole legitimate heir to the ''[[LacanFreudian]] develops his own "return to Freudlegacy''."
<Blockquote>What such a return =====Betrayal of Freud=====However, [[Lacan]] gradually began to Freud] involves for me is not develop a return radical critique of the repressed, but rather taking the antithesis constituted by the phase way that most [[analyst]]s in the history of the psychoanalytic movement since the death of [[IPA]] had [[interpretation|interpreted]] [[Freud, showing what psychoanalysis is not, and seeking with you the means of revitalizing that which has continued to sustain it, even in deviation...<ref>{{E}} p]].116</ref></Blockquote>
HoweverAfter [[being]] expelled from the [[IPA]] in 1953, [[Lacan]] developed his polemic further, arguing that [[Freud]]'s work itself puts in question radical insights had been universally betrayed by the narrative [[school|three major schools]] of a return to orthodoxy implicit in [[psychoanalysis]] within the expression 'return to Freud[[IPA]]: [[ego-psychology]], [[Kleinian psychoanalysis]],' for Lacan's way of reading Freud and his style of presentation are so original that they seem to belie his modest claims to be a mere commentator[[object-relations theory]].
Furthermore=====Return to Freud=====To remedy this [[situation]], while it is true that [[Lacan]] returns proposed to lead a "[[return to specific aspects Freud]]", both in the [[sense]] of a renewed attention to the Freudian conceptual legacy''actual texts'' of [[Freud]] himself, privileging Lacan is no more and a '''return''faithful' to Freudthe 's work than the post-Freudians whom he criticizes for having betrayed Freud's message; like them, [[Lacanessence]] selects and develops certain themes in '' of [[Freud]]'s [[Sigmund Freud:Bibliography|work and neglects or reinterprets others]] which had been betrayed by the [[IPA]].
Lacanian psychoanalysis might therefore be described as a 'post-Freudian' form of psychoanalysis, along with Reading [[ego-psychologyFreud]], in the original [[Kleinian psychoanalysisGerman]] allowed [[Lacan]] to discover elements which had been obscured by poor [[translation]] and ignored by [[object-relations theoryother]]commentators.
However=====Post-Freudians=====Thus much of [[Lacan]]'s work is taken up with detailed textual commentaries on specific works by [[Freud]], this is not and by numerous references to the way work of other analysts whose [[ideas]] [[Lacan]] sees his workrefutes.
To [[understand]] [[Lacan]] argues that there 's work, therefore, it is necessary both to have a deeper logic at work in detailed understanding of [[Freud]]'s texts, ideas and also a logic which endows those texts with a consistency despite grasp of the way these ideas were developed and modified by the other analysts (the apparent contradictions'post-Freudians') whom Lacan criticizes.
These ideas are the background against which [[Lacan]] claims that develops his reading of own "[[return to Freud]], and his alone, brings out this logic, and shows us that "the different stages and changes in direction" in Freud's work "are governed by Freud's inflexibly effective concern to maintain it in its primary rigour."<ref>{{E}} p.116</ref>
In other words<Blockquote>What such a return [to Freud] involves for me is not a [[return of the repressed]], while but rather taking the antithesis constituted by the [[Lacanphase]] in the [[history]]'s reading of the [[Freudpsychoanalytic]] may be as partial as any other in movement since the sense that it privileges particular aspects of [[Freuddeath]]'s workof Freud, that showing what psychoanalysis is not, and seeking with you the means of revitalizing that which has continued to sustain it, even in Lacan's view, justification for regarding all interpretations of [[Freud]] as equally validdeviation...<ref>{{E}} p.116</ref></Blockquote>
Thus =====Orthodoxy=====However, [[Lacan]]'s declarations work itself puts in question the [[narrative]] of loyalty a '''return''' to ''orthodoxy'' implicit in the expression "[[return to Freud]]," for [[Lacan]]'s way of reading [[Freud]] and accusations his style of betrayal cannot presentation are so original that they seem to belie his modest claims to be seen as a mere rhetorical strategycommentator.
CertainlyFurthermore, they do have a rhetorico-political function, in while it is [[true]] that presenting himself as 'more Freudian' than anyone else allowed [[Lacan]] returns to challenge specific aspects of the effective monopoly on the Freudian [[Freud]]ian [[conceptual]] legacy that , privileging [[Lacan]] is no more "faithful" to [[Freud]]'s [[Sigmund Freud:Bibliography|work]] than the post-Freudians whom he criticizes for having betrayed [[Freud]]'s [[message]]; like [IPA[them]], [[Lacan]] still enjoyed selects and develops certain themes in the 1950s[[Freud]]'s [[Sigmund Freud:Bibliography|work]] and neglects or [[interpretation|reinterprets]] [[others]].
'''[[Lacan]]ian [[psychoanalysis]]''' might therefore be described as a "[[Freud|post-Freudian]]" [[form]] of [[psychoanalysis]], along with '''[[ego-psychology]]''', '''[[Kleinian psychoanalysis]]''' and ''[[object-relations theory]]'''. =====Reading of Freud=====However, this is not the way [[Lacan]] sees his [[work]]. [[Lacan]] argues that there is a deeper [[logic]] at work in [[Freud]]'s [[Sigmund Freud:Bibliography|texts]], a logic which endows those [[Sigmund Freud:Bibliography|texts]] with a consistency despite the [[apparent]] contradictions. [[Lacan]] claims that his [[interpretation|reading]] of [[Freud]], and his alone, brings out this logic, and shows us that "the different [[stages]] and changes in direction" in [[Freud]]'s [[Sigmund Freud:Bibliography|work]] "are governed by Freud's inflexibly effective concern to maintain it in its primary rigour."<ref>{{E}} p. 116</ref> In other [[words]], while [[Lacan]]'s reading of [[Freud]] may be as [[partial]] as any other in the sense that it privileges [[particular]] aspects of [[Freud]]'s work, that is not, in [[Lacan]]'s view, justification for regarding all [[interpretations]] of [[Freud]] as equally valid. Thus [[Lacan]]'s declarations of loyalty and accusations of '''[[betrayal]]''' cannot be seen as a mere rhetorical strategy. Certainly, they do have a rhetorico-[[political]] function, in that presenting himself as "more [[Freud]]ian" than anyone else allowed [[Lacan]] to challenge the effective monopoly on the ''[[Freud]]ian legacy'' that the [[IPA]] still enjoyed in the 1950s. However, [[Lacan]]'s statements are also an [[explicit ]] [[claim ]] to have teased out a coherent logic if [[Freud]]'s writings that no one else had perceived before.
==See Also==
{{See}}
* [[Ego-psychology]]
* [[International Psycho-Analytical Association]]
||
* [[Kleinian psychoanalysis]]
* [[Object-relations theory]]
||
* [[Psychoanalysis]]
* [[School]]
{{Also}}
 
==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Dictionary]]
[[Category:Psychoanalysis]]
[[Category:Jacques Lacan]]
[[Category:Dictionary|Freud, Return to]]
[[Category:Concepts]]
[[Category:Terms]]
[[Category:School]]
[[Category:Freudian psychology]]
 
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