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{{Top}}retour à Freud{{Bottom}}
=====Overview=====
[[Psychoanalysis]] was founded by [[Sigmund Freud]]
The whole of [[Lacan]]'s work can only be understood within the context of the intellectual and theoretical legacy of [[Sigmund Freud]] (1856-1939, the founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
Psychoanalysis originates with the work of Freud and remains rooted in his theories to this day, but every generation of [[analysts]] that came after Freud has sought to update and correct those theories, and to resolve the contradictions that he [[left]] behind. Lacanargued that through this [[process]] of continual revision psychoanalysis had lost [[sight]] of its original aims; that it had become [[conservative]] first trained as a and reactionary. By playing down the more uncomfortable and disturbing aspects of the [[psychoanalysttheory]] within , especially the underlying [[presence]] of [International Psychoanalytical Association[repressed]] (, [[IPAunconscious]]), [[desire]] in our [[mental]] lives, psychoanalysis had made itself respectable but it had lost its radical edge. In the early 1950s, therefore, Lacan famously declared the organization founded by [[necessity]] of a 'return to Freud', that is to say, a return to the [[texts]] which presented itself as of Freud himself and to a close [[reading]] and [[understanding]] of those texts. For the next 26 years he would engage in this [[project]] of close reading, and in the sole legitimate heir to process would reconstitute the Freudian legacytheory of psychoanalysis.
However, [[Lacan]] gradually began to develop a radical critique of the way that most [[analyst]]s in the [[IPA]] had interpreted [[Freud]].
After being expelled from the [[IPA]] in 1953, [[Lacan]] developed his polemic further, arguing that presented a distinctive [[Freudinterpretation|reading]]'s radical insights had been universally betrayed by the three major [[school]]s of [[psychoanalysis]] within the [[IPA]]: [[ego-psychology]], [[Kleinian psychoanalysis]], and [[object-relations theory]].
To remedy this situationIn 1951, [[Lacan]] proposed to lead a 'return to Freud', both in the sense of a renewed attention to the actual texts of Freud himself, and made his call for a "[[return to the essence of Freud's work which had been betrayed by the [[IPA]].
Reading =====Freudian Legacy=====The [[whole]] of [[Lacan]]'s work can only be [[understood]] within the context of the [[intellectual]] and [[theoretical]] legacy of [[Sigmund Freud]] in (1856-1939), the original German allowed founder [[father]] of [Lacan[psychoanalysis]] to discover elements which had been obscured by poor translation and ignored by other commentators.
Thus much of [[Lacan]]'s work is taken up with detailed textual commentaries on specific works first trained as a [[psychoanalyst]] within the [[International Psychoanalytical Association]] ([[IPA]]), the organization founded by [[Freud]], and by numerous references which presented itself as the sole legitimate heir to the work of other analysts whose ideas ''[[LacanFreudian]] refuteslegacy''.
To understand =====Betrayal of Freud=====However, [[Lacan]]'s work, therefore, it is necessary both gradually began to have develop a detailed understanding radical critique of the way that most [[Freudanalyst]]'s ideas and also a grasp of in the way these ideas were developed and modified by the other analysts (the 'post-Freudians') whom Lacan criticizes[[IPA]] had [[interpretation|interpreted]] [[Freud]].
These ideas are After [[being]] expelled from the background against which [[IPA]] in 1953, [[Lacan]] develops developed his own "return to polemic further, arguing that [[Freud]]'s radical insights had been universally betrayed by the [[school|three major schools]] of [[psychoanalysis]] within the [[IPA]]: [[ego-psychology]], [[Kleinian psychoanalysis]], and [[object-relations theory]]."
<Blockquote>What such =====Return to Freud=====To remedy this [[situation]], [[Lacan]] proposed to lead a "[[return [to Freud] involves for me is not a return of the repressed]", but rather taking the antithesis constituted by the phase both in the history [[sense]] of a renewed attention to the psychoanalytic movement since the death ''actual texts'' of [[Freud, showing what psychoanalysis is not]] himself, and seeking with you a '''return''' to the means ''[[essence]]'' of revitalizing that [[Freud]]'s [[Sigmund Freud:Bibliography|work]] which has continued to sustain it, even in deviation...<ref>{{E}} phad been betrayed by the [[IPA]].116</ref></Blockquote>
However, Reading [[LacanFreud]]'s work itself puts in question the narrative of a return original [[German]] allowed [[Lacan]] to orthodoxy implicit in the expression 'return to Freud,' for Lacan's way of reading Freud discover elements which had been obscured by poor [[translation]] and his style of presentation are so original that they seem to belie his modest claims to be a mere commentatorignored by [[other]] commentators.
Furthermore, while it is true that =====Post-Freudians=====Thus much of [[Lacan]] returns to specific aspects of the Freudian conceptual legacy, privileging Lacan is no more 'faithful' to Freud's work than the post-Freudians whom he criticizes for having betrayed is taken up with detailed textual commentaries on specific works by [[Freud's message; like them]], and by numerous references to the work of other analysts whose [[Lacanideas]] selects and develops certain themes in [[FreudLacan]]'s work and neglects or reinterprets othersrefutes.
Lacanian psychoanalysis might therefore be described as a 'post-Freudian' form of psychoanalysis, along with To [[ego-psychologyunderstand]], [[Kleinian psychoanalysisLacan]] and 's work, therefore, it is necessary both to have a detailed understanding of [[object-relations theoryFreud]]'s ideas and also a grasp of the way these ideas were developed and modified by the other analysts (the 'post-Freudians') whom Lacan criticizes.
However, this is not These ideas are the way background against which [[Lacan]] sees develops his workown "[[return to Freud]]."
<Blockquote>What such a return [to Freud] involves for me is not a [[Lacanreturn of the repressed]], but rather taking the antithesis constituted by the [[phase]] argues that there is a deeper logic at work in the [[history]] of the [[psychoanalytic]] movement since the [Freud[death]]'s textsof Freud, a logic which endows those texts showing what psychoanalysis is not, and seeking with a consistency despite you the apparent contradictionsmeans of revitalizing that which has continued to sustain it, even in deviation...<ref>{{E}} p.116</ref></Blockquote>
=====Orthodoxy=====However, [[Lacan]] claims that his reading 's work itself puts in question the [[narrative]] of a '''return''' to ''orthodoxy'' implicit in the expression "[[return to Freud]], and his alone, brings out this logic, and shows us that "the different stages and changes in direction" in Freudfor [[Lacan]]'s work "way of reading [[Freud]] and his style of presentation are governed by Freud's inflexibly effective concern so original that they seem to belie his modest claims to maintain it in its primary rigour."<ref>{{E}} pbe a mere commentator.116</ref>
In other wordsFurthermore, while it is [[true]] that [[Lacan]] returns to specific aspects of the [[Freud]]ian [[conceptual]] legacy, privileging [[Lacan]] is no more "faithful" to [[Freud]]'s reading of [[Sigmund Freud:Bibliography|work]] may be as partial as any other in than the sense that it privileges particular aspects of post-Freudians whom he criticizes for having betrayed [[Freud]]'s work, that is not[[message]]; like [[them]], [[Lacan]] selects and develops certain themes in Lacan[[Freud]]'s view, justification for regarding all interpretations of [[Sigmund Freud:Bibliography|work]] and neglects or [[interpretation|reinterprets]] [[others]] as equally valid.
Thus '''[[Lacan]]ian [[psychoanalysis]]'''s declarations of loyalty and accusations of betrayal cannot might therefore be seen described as a mere rhetorical strategy"[[Freud|post-Freudian]]" [[form]] of [[psychoanalysis]], along with '''[[ego-psychology]]''', '''[[Kleinian psychoanalysis]]''' and ''[[object-relations theory]]'''.
Certainly=====Reading of Freud=====However, they do have a rhetorico-political function, in that presenting himself as 'more Freudian' than anyone else allowed this is not the way [[LAcanLacan]] to challenge the effective monopoly on the Freudian legacy that the sees his [[IPAwork]] still enjoyed in the 1950s.
[[Lacan]] argues that there is a deeper [[logic]] at work in [[Freud]]'s [[Sigmund Freud:Bibliography|texts]], a logic which endows those [[Sigmund Freud:Bibliography|texts]] with a consistency despite the [[apparent]] contradictions. [[Lacan]] claims that his [[interpretation|reading]] of [[Freud]], and his alone, brings out this logic, and shows us that "the different [[stages]] and changes in direction" in [[Freud]]'s [[Sigmund Freud:Bibliography|work]] "are governed by Freud's inflexibly effective concern to maintain it in its primary rigour."<ref>{{E}} p. 116</ref> In other [[words]], while [[Lacan]]'s reading of [[Freud]] may be as [[partial]] as any other in the sense that it privileges [[particular]] aspects of [[Freud]]'s work, that is not, in [[Lacan]]'s view, justification for regarding all [[interpretations]] of [[Freud]] as equally valid. Thus [[Lacan]]'s declarations of loyalty and accusations of '''[[betrayal]]''' cannot be seen as a mere rhetorical strategy. Certainly, they do have a rhetorico-[[political]] function, in that presenting himself as "more [[Freud]]ian" than anyone else allowed [[Lacan]] to challenge the effective monopoly on the ''[[Freud]]ian legacy'' that the [[IPA]] still enjoyed in the 1950s. However, [[Lacan]]'s statements are also an [[explicit ]] [[claim ]] to have teased out a coherent logic if [[Freud]]'s writings that no one else had perceived before.
==See Also==
{{See}}
* [[Ego-psychology]]
* [[International Psycho-Analytical Association]]
||
* [[Kleinian psychoanalysis]]
* [[Object-relations theory]]
||
* [[Psychoanalysis]]
* [[School]]
{{Also}}
 
==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Dictionary]]
[[Category:Psychoanalysis]]
[[Category:Jacques Lacan]]
[[Category:Dictionary|Freud, Return to]]
[[Category:Concepts]]
[[Category:Terms]]
[[Category:School]]
[[Category:Freudian psychology]]
 
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