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Etymologically, the [[word ]] [[rival]] refers to [[people ]] who live by the river and draw their water from the same stream.
From a [[psychoanalytic]] point of view, [[rivalry]] is not simply a [[struggle ]] for possession of the [[object]], but can also be [[understood ]] as having [[sexual]], [[identificatory]], and [[narcissistic]] aspects.
The ensemble of [[partial drive]]s directed toward the [[mother]], once she is perceived as an [[object]] that is differentiated from the [[self]], is accompanied by hostile [[rivalry]] toward the [[father]].
This [[oedipal]] [[rivalry]] is extended to the hostile relationships that occur among siblings.
The [[object]] of [[rivalry]] can [[change ]] in relation to [[bisexuality]].
[[Wish]]es for the rival's [[death]] are [[repressed]], and the formerly [[hated]] [[rival]] becomes a [[homosexual]] [[love]]-[[object]].
In "[[Neurotic Mechanisms in Jealousy, Paranoia and Homosexuality]]", [[Sigmund Freud]] posited an analogy between this [[mechanism ]] and the [[process ]] that is the basis for [[social]] [[bond]]s: "In both [[processes]], there is first the [[presence ]] of jealous and hostile impulses which cannot achieve [[satisfaction]]; and both the affectionate and the social [[feelings ]] of [[identification ]] arise as reactive [[formations ]] against the repressed [[aggressive ]] impulses."<ref>"[[Neurotic Mechanisms in Jealousy, Paranoia and Homosexuality]]". p. 232</ref>
[[Freud]] thus attributed the decline of [[rivalry]] to [[repression]], which results from the establishing of the [[superego]] and from the confrontation between hostile [[wish]]es and the [[child]]'s [[impotence]].
[[Rivalry]] creates a link of [[ambivalence]] between the [[subject]] and an [[other]] who can always become the [[subject]]'s alter [[ego]], because the [[object]] of [[desire]] is the same for both.
Putting himself in the [[place ]] of this [[other]], the [[subject]] imagines himself as [[being ]] dispossessed of a source of [[enjoyment]] (''[[jouissance]]'') that tolerates no sharing. The [[subject]]'s [[hatred ]] is all the stronger because [[unconscious]]ly, this struggle is for possession of an [[object]] that bears the [[narcissistic]] [[illusion]] of perfect continuity between [[self]] and [[other]].
The destructiveness of the tendency away from differentiation is thus transformed into hatred and suspended through triangulation.
[[Rivalry]], which tends toward [[repetition]] and acquires its various layers through reaction formations, is one component in the [[structuring ]] of [[human]] [[desire]].
==See Also==
==References==
<references/>
# [[Freud, Sigmund]]. (1909c). [[Family ]] romances. SE, 9: 235-241.# —— (1922b). [[Neurotic ]] mechanisms in [[jealousy]], [[paranoia ]] and [[homosexuality]]. SE, 18: 221-232.
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