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The [[pass]] was instituted by [[Lacan]] in 1967 as a means of verifying the [[end of analysis]], and constitutes the most original feature of the EFP.
Another original feature of the EFP was the promotion of research in small study groups known as [[cartelscartel]]s.
The final years of the EFP were dominated by intense controversy over the [[pass]] and other issues.
In 1980, [[Lacan]] dissolved the EFP, and in 1981 he created a new institution in its stead, the [[Ècole École de la Cause Freudienne]] (ECF).
Some of the original members of the EFP followed [[Lacan]] into the ECF, whereas others left to set up a variety of other groups.
