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{{SeminarsSeminarsNavBar|RightPrevLink=Seminar I|RightPrevText=Seminar I|RightNextLink=Seminar III|RightNextText=Seminar III}}

  {| stylealign="line-height:2.0em;width:100%;text-align:justify;border-spacing:8px;center"|style="width:100%600px;border:0px 1px solid #ccccccaaa;background-color:#ffffff;vertical-align:top"|{| width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:justifyleft;verticalline-alignheight:top2.0em;backgroundpadding-colorleft:#ffffff10px;"

|style="width:100px;text-align:justify;color:#000left;line-height:2.5em0em;alignpadding-left:justify10px;"|1954 - 1955{| width="100%" align="center" style="width:520px; border:1px solid #aaa100px;text-align:left; line-height:2.0em; padding-left:30px10px;"| [[Seminar II]]|widthstyle="50px"||width="470px"||:300px;text-align:left; line-| [[{{Y}}|1954 height:2.0em; padding- 1955]]left:10px;" | ''[[Seminar II|<small>Le moi dans la théorie de Freud et dans la technique de la psychanalyse</small>]]''<BR><big>[[Seminar II|The Ego in Freud's Theory and in the Technique of Psychoanalysis]]</big>

<span style="line-height:1.5em;font-size:1.1em">[[LacanConsciousness]] deliberates on the distinction made in his is [[Seminar I|first seminartransparent]] between to itself, whereas the I (<i>je</i>) or '[[discourseego]] ' is not. The I is outside the field of consciousness and its [[analysiscertainties]] and the (where we [[analysisrepresent]] of the [[ourselves as ego]], both in relation to [[psychoanalytical theory]] where something exists and [[practice]]is expressed by the I). He claims But it is not enough to say that "'the I of the [[analysisunconscious]] deals with [[resistance]]sis not the ego' since we tend to think this I as the true ego." He reviews three works by [[FreudLacan]]: <i>[[Beyond proceeds to re-assert the locus of the Pleasure Principle]]</i>, on ego and reinstate the [[death instinctexcentricity]]; <i>[[Group Psychology and the Analysis of the Ego]]</i>; and <i>[[The Ego and the Idsubject]]vis-à-vis the ego.</ispan>.

[[Consciousness]] <span style="line-height:1.5em;font-size:1.1em">The ego is a particular [[transparentobject]] to itself, whereas within the [[Iexperience]] (<i>of the subject, with a certain function: an [[jeimaginary]]</i>) is notone. The When in the [[Ispecular image]] the ego is [[outside]] recognized as such by the field of [[consciousness]] and its [[certainties]] (where we [[represent]] ourselves as [[ego]]subject, where something this [[existimage]]s and is expressed by the becomes [[Iself-conscious]]). But it is not enough to say that "the [[I]] of the The [[unconsciousmirror stage]] is not based on the rapport [[ego]]" since we tend to think this [[I]relationship] between, on one hand, a certain level of tendencies which are experienced as the [[truedisconnected]] [[ego]]. [[Lacan]] proceeds to re-assert the locus of and, on the other, a [[egounity]] with which it is merged and reinstate the paired. In this [[excentricityunity]] of the subject knows itself as unity, but as an [[subjectalienated]] vis-à-vis the , [[egovirtual]]one."</span>

The [[ego]] is <span style="line-height:1.5em;font-size:1.1em">However, for a particular [[objectconsciousness]] within the experience of the to perceive [[subjectanother]]consciousness, with a certain function: an [[imaginary]] one. When in the [[specular imagesymbolic order]] must intervene on the [[ego]] is recognized as such system determined by the [[subject]], this [[image]] becomes [[self-conscious]]. "The [[mirror stage]] is based on of the rapport between, on one handego, as a certain level dimension of tendencies which are experienced as <i>[[disconnected]] and, on the other, a [[unityre-connaissance]] with which it is merged and paired</i>. In this [[unity]] the [[subject]] knows itself as [[unity]], but as an [[alienated]], virtual one."</span>

However, for a <span style="line-height:1.5em;font-size:1.1em">In "[[consciousnessThe Dream of Irma's Injection]] to perceive another " the most tragic moment occurs in the confrontation with the [[consciousnessReal]]- the ultimate Real, "something in front of which words stop." "In the [[symbolic orderdream]] must intervene on the unconscious is what is [[systemoutside]] determined by all of the subjects. The structure of the dream shows that the unconscious is not the ego of the dreamer." "This subject outside the subject designates the whole [[imagestructure]] of the [[dream." "What is at stake in the function of the dream is beyond the ego]], as a dimension what in the subject is of <i>[[re-connaissance]]the subject and not of the subject, that is the unconscious."</ispan>.

In <span style="[[The Dream of Irma's Injection]]" the most [[tragic]] moment occurs in the confrontation with the [[Real]]line-height:1. The ultimate [[Real]], "something in front of which [[word]]s stop5em;font-size:1.1em" ">In the [[dreamSeminar on 'The Purloined Letter'|his analysis]] the [[unconscious]] is what is [[outside]] all of the [[subject]]Poe's. The <i>[[structurePurloined Letter]] of the </i>, [[dream]] shows that the [[unconscious]] is not the [[egoLacan]] speaks of the [[dream]]er"an other beyond all subjectivity." "This [[subject]] [[outside]] The question concerns the [[subject]] designates the whole [[structure]] of the [[dream]]." "What is at stake in the function confrontation of the [[dream]] is subject beyond the [[ego]]with the <i>Id</i>, the <i>quod</i> (what -is-it?) which seeks to come into being in the [[subject]] is of the [[subject]] and not of the [[subject]], that is the [[unconscious]]analysis."</span>

In his analysis <span style="line-height:1.5em;font-size:1.1em">"The purloined [[letter]] is synonymous with the original, radical subject of the unconscious. The [[Poesymbol]]'s <i>is being [[Purloined Letterdisplaced]]</i>in its pure state: one cannot come into contact with without being caught in its play. There is nothing in destiny, or casualty, which can be defined as a function of existence. When the characters get hold of this letter, something gets hold of them and carries them along. At each stage of the symbolic transformation of the letter, they will be defined by their position in relation to this radical object. This position is not fixed. As they enter into the [[Lacannecessity]] speaks peculiar to the letter, they each become functionally different to the essential reality of "an other beyond all subjectivitythe letter." The question concerns the "confrontation For each of them the subject beyond letter is the ego unconscious, with all its consequences, namely that at each point of the <i>Id</i>symbolic circuit, the <i>quodeach of them becomes someone else."</ispan> (what-is-it?) which seeks to come into being in analysis."

<span style="The purloined letter is synonymous with the original, radical subject of the unconsciousline-height:2. The symbol is being displaced in its pure state0em;font-size: one cannot come into contact with without being caught in its play. There is nothing in destiny, or casualty, which can be defined as a function of existence. When the characters get hold of this letter, something gets hold of them and carries them along. At each stage of the symbolic transformation of the letter, they will be defined by their position in relation to this radical object. This position is not fixed. As they enter into the necessity peculiar to the letter, they each become functionally different to the essential reality of the letter. For each of them the letter is the unconscious, with all its consequences, namely that at each point of the symbolic circuit, each of them becomes someone else1.1em" >When [[Jean Hyppolite]] asks: "What use does the [[Symbolic]] have?" [[Lacan]] answers: "The [[Symbolic]], the [[Imaginary]] and the [[Real]] are useful in giving its [[meaning ]] to a particularly pure [[symbolic]] experience, that of [[analysis]]." Since the [[symbolic|symbolic dimension]] is the only dimension that [[cure]]s, "The [[symbolic]] [[order]] is simultaneously non-being and insisting to be, that is what [[Freud]] has in mind when he talks about the [[death]] [[instinct]] as being what is most fundamental: a [[symbolic order]] in travail, in the process of coming, insisting in being realized."</span>

<span style="line-height:2.0em;font-size:1.1em">The <i>[[Schema L]]</i>, systematized in the <i>[[Seminar on 'The Purloined Letter'|Seminar on 'The Purloined Letter' (La lettre volée)]]</i> ([[Écrits]], 1966), is elaborated in this [[seminar]]. A four-term [[structure]] maps the [[Real]], the [[Imaginary]] and the [[Symbolic]] as replacing the second [[Freud]]ian [[Freudian topography]]: [[ego]] / <i>[[id]]</i> / [[superego]]. Two diagonals intersect, while the [[imaginary]] rapport links <i>[[a]]</i> (the [[ego]]) to <i>[[a']]</i> (the [[other]]), the line going from <i>[[S]]</i> (the [[subject]], the [[Freud]]ian Freudian <i>[[id]]</i>) to <i>[[A]]</i> (the [[Other]]) is interrupted by the first one. The [[Other]] is difficult to define: it is the place of [[language]] where [[subjectivity]] is constituted; it is the place of [[primal]] [[speech]] linked to the [[Father]]; it is the place of the absolute [[Other]], the [[mother]] in the [[demand]]. The [[Other]] makes the [[subject]] without him [[knowing]] it. With [[Lacan]] , in [[Freud]]'s <i>[[Wo Es war, soll Ich werden]]</i>, <i>[[Es]]</i> is the [[subject]]. It [[knows]] him or doesn't. The further, more exacting insight, is [[It]] speaks or doesn't. At the [[end of analysis]], it is [[It]] who must be called on to [[speak]], and to enter in relation with real [[Others]]. Where <i>[[S]]</i> was, there the <i>[[Ich]]</i> should be.</span>

==English Translation=={| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; border:1px solid #aaa;text-align:left; line-height:2.0em; padding-left:10px;"|width="100%"Author(s)|Title|Publisher| [[Jacques LacanYear|Lacan, Jacques]]. [[Seminar IPages|The Seminar of Jacques Lacan: Book II : The Ego in Freud's Theory and in the Technique of Psychoanalysis 1954-1955 (Seminar of Jacques Lacan)]]. Ed. [[Jacques-Alain Miller]]. Trans. [[Sylvana Tomaselli]]. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1991. Paperback, Language: English, ISBN: 0393307093. <small><small>Buy it at [http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0393307093/nosubject-20/ Amazon.com], [http://www.amazon.ca/exec/obidos/ASIN/0393307093/nosub07-20/ Amazon.ca], [http://www.amazon.de/exec/obidos/ASIN/0393307093/nosub-21/ Amazon.de], [http://www.amazon.co.uk/exec/obidos/ASIN/0393307093/nosubjencyofl-21/ Amazon.co.uk] or [http://www.amazon.fr/exec/obidos/ASIN/0393307093/nosub04-21/ Amazon.fr].</small></small>|}Size<BR>{| style="width:100%; border:1px solid #aaa;text-align:left; line-height:2.0em; padding-left:10px;"Extension|widthrowspan="100%1"| [[Jacques Lacan|Lacan, Jacques]]. [[Seminar I|Le séminaire, Livre II: Le moi dans la théorie de Freud et dans la technique de la psychanalyse]]. Ed. [[Jacques-Alain Miller]]. Paris: Seuil, 1977. 374 pages, Language: French, ISBN: 2020047276. <small><small>Buy it at [http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/2020047276/nosubject-20/ Amazon.com], [http://www.amazon.ca/exec/obidos/ASIN/2020047276/nosub07-20/ Amazon.ca], [http://www.amazon.de/exec/obidos/ASIN/2020047276/nosub-21/ Amazon.de], [http://www.amazon.co.uk/exec/obidos/ASIN/2020047276/nosubjencyofl-21/ Amazon.co.uk] or [http://www.amazon.fr/exec/obidos/ASIN/2020047276/nosub04-21/ Amazon.fr].</small></small>|}Mirrors

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 ==French=={| class="wikitablefloatright" width="200px300px" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff" style="float:right;margin-left:10px;line-height:2.0em; padding-left:60px; background:#ffffff; text-align:center;"

| bgcolor="#ffffff" width="150px250px" style="padding-left:10px" | [[{{Y}}|Date]]| bgcolor="#ffffff" width="50px" style="padding-left:10px" | [[{{Y}}|PDF]]

| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|17 novembre 1954]] | [httphttps://{{seminaires}}/seminaireIImega.nz/1954.11.17.pdf #!eSZ0GYbL!yBnG06l3uVAzrV_E9rYeNUC23UYJfBiHa00W5DhRvII link]

| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|1 décembre 1954]] | [httphttps://{{seminaires}}mega.nz/seminaireII/1954.12.01.pdf #!fGJykSLA!BOIQtYSkaqANqfQTmsNnndpzfyWclcokD4tW7X4pfBY link]

| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|8 décembre 1954]] | [httphttps://{{seminaires}}mega.nz/seminaireII/1954.12.06.pdf #!7PIy1AhB!_F8SwchqRLcfZzuj0LiKDe3621M4VzClg6CNKDoaJPU link]

| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|15 décembre 1954]] | [httphttps://{{seminaires}}mega.nz/seminaireII/1954.12.17.pdf #!rPJi1SJY!wSIEIJZr-tLv3T_sTmasTRtw3LkBZihTcLVfQNXEQ-8 link]

| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|12 janvier 1955]] | [httphttps://{{seminaires}}/seminaireIImega.nz/1955.01.12.pdf #!vOQykYzY!YCY3P3y7aEn6QxYQbcWZkxa0jlUQHLlhtIHV2go7AN8 link]

| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|19 janvier 1955]] | [httphttps://{{seminaires}}/seminaireIImega.nz/1955.01.19.pdf #!LaZiAAjb!Z5W0UZBwn1CNqxRpkE8iJS5mWnOkr8jlqq38dtImW-M link]

| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|26 janvier 1955]] | [httphttps://{{seminaires}}/seminaireIImega.nz/1955.01.26.pdf #!6HIgACZT!RXY64IElbnTAnscXdjtv9BYh_0BbqO3-zYViOt64lFw link]

| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|2 février 1955]] | [httphttps://{{seminaires}}mega.nz/seminaireII/1955.02.02.pdf #!2DIWzSoB!S0fUwVPZbuUFFLNe7G1Rmjw4pJLUUmFOefbs3xz6VNU link]

| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|9 février 1955]] | [httphttps://{{seminaires}}mega.nz/seminaireII/1955.02.09.pdf #!yaBURKyK!Y0vqsiaStSsMP5kogoDVHrMOjIGy7fLgMY239AlxghY link]

| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|16 février 1955]] | [httphttps://{{seminaires}}/seminaireIImega.nz/1955.02.16.pdf #!zLBiRapB!fpdvVypvi3_V7BPZmtN2eVyoAGzku62R669pdTfy6hQ link]

| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|2 mars 1955]] | [httphttps://{{seminaires}}mega.nz/seminaireII/1955.03.02.pdf #!2KRiwIZQ!XTa9vEbGezDKhaKGQIJismPLxHidoA4H5GCruGprpbg link]

| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|9 mars 1955]] | [httphttps://{{seminaires}}mega.nz/seminaireII/1955.03.09.pdf #!XaZSTIKQ!T1L7uEhSsuBslaX2clQrMHxQXMeyRWlSD9duoiJsMWU link]

| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|16 mars 1955]] | [httphttps://{{seminaires}}/seminaireIImega.nz/1955.03.16.pdf #!yKQ2nKaa!eNeJQEHR6BE12t77b_EHeyCZ5zxmtXgAUjYfR4VLr54 link]

| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|30 mars 1955]] | [httphttps://{{seminaires}}/seminaireIImega.nz/1955.03.30.pdf #!3eRylK5K!kiHS-Om7-WZnJouboD70sp4CGzn0htpynJOHvzOoD90 link]

| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|12 mai 1955]]| [httphttps://{{seminaires}}/seminaireIImega.nz/1955.05.12.pdf #!mbJkAaKL!G3mtfqT57gH-apn2OXTxaCAjaXPz7hUQN7O59v9vXA4 link]

| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|19 mai 1955]] | [httphttps://{{seminaires}}/seminaireIImega.nz/1955.05.19.pdf #!GWQ0SKaY!pSMbDtVJHTuqaI02aOvK6SZwUwsg-mXMPkv7JEeWteI link]

| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|25 mai 1955]] | [httphttps://{{seminaires}}/seminaireIImega.nz/1955.05.25.pdf #!iSRkzYba!k3u6ZZBHma7eSoK2zQPefQkD1cZs8kC4rkPPYRoAIeQ link]

| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|1 juin 1955]] | [httphttps://{{seminaires}}mega.nz/seminaireII/1955.06.01.pdf #!2eYmCK6B!EiYL5hICKgE2TdEsGfeuT8Q4rvgikKmpGEnJN7TaA-M link]

| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|8 juin 1955]] | [httphttps://{{seminaires}}mega.nz/seminaireII/1955.06.08.pdf #!bWIU1YTD!jiN4PFEZPUg0PNrsQYJivaEdci6NaI4CX9nnY12qgJI link]

| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|15 juin 1955]]| [httphttps://{{seminaires}}/seminaireIImega.nz/1955.06.15.pdf #!bbBE3YRC!Ues3-Gxl5lvE8YfssB8o_gugH_DTarh-S71ARNX4l5Y link]

| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|22 juin 1955]] | [httphttps://{{seminaires}}/seminaireIImega.nz/1955.06.22.pdf #!bPRyUAJI!vtKOTZjVlmvdV66gVpKKvs6Kw3egOEnUyCuYKfcnxws link]

| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|29 juin 1955]] | [httphttps://{{seminaires}}/seminaireIImega.nz/1955.06.29.pdf #!XKIEGQCD!Cxbi7an0CLFIk4DfU0HH3JSzbMw4Awjdnfd3OULsor0 link]

 French versions of [[Jacques Lacan|Lacan's]] [[Seminars]] Source: http://ecole-lacanienne.net* [[File:Seminaire_02.pdf|}Download]]<BR><pdf width="450px" height="600px">File:Seminaire_02.pdf</pdf><!-- Start {| style="width:100%; border:1px solid #aaa;text-align:left; line-height:2.0em; padding-left:10px;"| width="100%" | [[Jacques Lacan|Lacan, Jacques]]. [[Seminar I|The Seminar of rightJacques Lacan: Book II : The Ego in Freud's Theory and in the Technique of Psychoanalysis 1954-1955 (Seminar of Jacques Lacan)]]. Ed. [[Jacques-Alain Miller]]. Trans. [[Sylvana Tomaselli]]. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1991. Paperback, Language: [[English]], ISBN: 0393307093. <small><small>Buy it at [https://amzn.to/2FgWwET Amazon.com], [http://www.amazon.ca/exec/obidos/ASIN/0393307093/nosub07-20/ Amazon.ca], [http://www.amazon.de/exec/obidos/ASIN/0393307093/nosub-21/ Amazon.de], [http://www.amazon.co.uk/exec/obidos/ASIN/0393307093/nosubjencyofl-21/ Amazon.co.uk] or [http://www.amazon.fr/exec/obidos/ASIN/0393307093/nosub04-21/ Amazon.fr].</small></small>|}<BR>{| style="width:100%; border:1px solid #aaa;text-align:left; line-height:2.0em; padding-column left:10px;"| width="100%" | [[Jacques Lacan|Lacan, Jacques]]. [[Seminar I|Le séminaire, Livre II: Le moi dans la théorie de Freud et dans la technique de la psychanalyse]]. Ed. [[Jacques-Alain Miller]]. [[Paris]]: Seuil, 1977. 374 pages, Language: [[French]], ISBN: 2020047276. <small><small>Buy it at [http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/2020047276/nosubject-20/ Amazon.com], [http://www.amazon.ca/exec/obidos/ASIN/2020047276/nosub07-20/ Amazon.ca], [http://www.amazon.de/exec/obidos/ASIN/2020047276/nosub-21/ Amazon.de], [http://www.amazon.co.uk/exec/obidos/ASIN/2020047276/nosubjencyofl-21/ Amazon.co.uk] or [http://www.amazon.fr/exec/obidos/ASIN/2020047276/nosub04-21/ Amazon.fr].</small></small>

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