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{{II}}

[[Lacan]] deliberates on the distinction made in his [[Seminar I|first seminar]] between [[discourse]] [[analysis]] and the [[analysis]] of the [[ego]], both in relation to [[psychoanalytical theory]] and [[practice]]. He claims that "[[analysis]] deals with [[resistance]]s." He reviews three works by [[Freud]]: <i>[[Beyond the Pleasure Principle]]</i>, on the [[death instinct]]; <i>[[Group Psychology and the Analysis of the Ego]]</i>; and <i>[[The Ego and the Id]]</i>.

The <i>[[Schema L]]</i>, systematized in <i>La lettre volée</i> (Écrits, 1966), is elaborated in this [[seminar]]. A four-term [[structure]] maps the [[Real]], the [[Imaginary]] and the [[Symbolic]] as replacing the second [[Freud]]ian [[topography]]: [[ego]] / <i>[[id]]</i> / [[superego]]. Two diagonals intersect, while the [[imaginary]] rapport links <i>[[a]]</i> (the [[ego]]) to <i>[[a']]</i> (the [[other]]), the line going from <i>[[S]]</i> (the [[subject]], the [[Freud]]ian <i>[[id]]</i>) to <i>[[A]]</i> (the [[Other]]) is interrupted by the first one. The [[Other]] is difficult to define: it is the place of [[language]] where [[subjectivity]] is constituted; it is the place of [[primal]] [[speech]] linked to the [[Father]]; it is the place of the absolute [[Other]], the [[mother]] in the [[demand]]. The [[Other]] makes the [[subject]] without him [[knowing]] it. With [[Lacan]] in [[Freud]]'s <i>[[Wo Es war, soll Ich werden]]</i>, <i>[[Es]]</i> is the [[subject]]. It [[knows]] him or doesn't. The further, more exacting insight, is [[It]] speaks or doesn't. At the [[end of analysis]], it is [[It]] who must be called on to [[speak]], and to enter in relation with real [[Others]]. Where <i>[[S]]</i> was, there the <i>[[Ich]]</i> should be.

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|width="100%"| [[Jacques Lacan|Lacan, Jacques]]. [[Seminar I|Le séminaire, Livre II: Le moi dans la théorie de Freud et dans la technique de la psychanalyse]]. Ed. [[Jacques-Alain Miller]]. Paris: Seuil, 1977. 374 pages, Language: French, ISBN: 2020047276. <small><small>Buy it at [http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/2020047276/nosubject-20/ Amazon.com], [http://www.amazon.ca/exec/obidos/ASIN/2020047276/nosub07-20/ Amazon.ca], [http://www.amazon.de/exec/obidos/ASIN/2020047276/nosub-21/ Amazon.de], [http://www.amazon.co.uk/exec/obidos/ASIN/2020047276/nosubjencyofl-21/ Amazon.co.uk] or [http://www.amazon.fr/exec/obidos/ASIN/2020047276/nosub04-21/ Amazon.fr].</small></small>