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| style="width:100px;text-align:left; line-height:2.0em; padding-left:10px;"| 1956 - 1957
| style="width:100px;text-align:left; line-height:2.0em; padding-left:10px;"|[[Seminar IV]]
| style="width:300px;text-align:left; line-height:2.0em; padding-left:10px;"| ''[[Seminar IV|La relation d'objet et les structures freudiennes]]''<BR><big>[[Seminar IV|The Object Relation]]</big>
|}
[[Lacan]] confronts the [[theory]] of [[object]] relations defended by the <i>[[Société Psychanalytique de Paris]]</i>: [[Freud]] did not bother [[about]] the object, he cared about "the [[lack]] of the object." This lack has [[nothing]] to do with [[frustration]]. It is a matter of a [[renunciation]] that involves the law of the [[Father]]: "...between the [[mother]] and the [[child]], Freud introduced a [[third]] and [[imaginary]] term whose signifying [[role]] is a major one: the [[phallus]]." The study is based on the function of the object in [[phobia]] and in [[fetishism]] (Freud's <i>Little [[Hans]]</i>, <i>A Child is [[Being]] Beaten</i>). In his [[analysis]] of <i>[[Little Hans]]</i>, Lacan states that [[anxiety]] arises when the [[subject]] is poised between [[the imaginary]] preoedipical [[triangle]] and the Oedipical [[quaternary]]: Hans' [[real]] [[penis]] makes itself felt in [[infantile]] [[masturbation]]. Anxiety arises since he can now measure the [[difference]] between that for what he is loved (his [[position]] as [[imaginary phallus]]) and what he really has to give (his insignificant real [[organ]]). [[The Subject|The subject]] would have been rescued from anxiety by the [[castrating]] [[intervention]] of the real father, but the father fails to [[separate]] the child from the mother and thus Hans develops a phobia as a [[substitute]] for this intervention. It is not Hans' [[separation]] from the mother which produces anxiety, but failure to separate from her. [[Castration]], far from being the main source of anxiety, is what actually saves [[The Subject|the subject ]] from it.<br>
We find imaginary solutions to the gap (<i>béance</i>) produced by the [[appearance]] of the phallus "as that which is [[lacking]] in the mother, in the mother and the child, and between the mother and the child," because the father alone is the bearer or possessor of the phallus. Lacan establishes [[three]] modes of rapport to this object: frustration (the imaginary damage done to a real object, the penis as organ), [[deprivation]] ( the real lack or [[hole]] created by the [[loss]] of a [[symbolic]] object, the phallus as [[signifier]]), castration ([[the symbolic]] debt in the [[register]] of the law and the loss of the phallus as imaginary object). The mother falls from "[[the Symbolic]] to [[the Real]]" while the [[objects]], through the mediation of the phallus, fall from "the Real to the Symbolic." The fall of the mother leads to the [[structuring]] preference for the father. Lacan muses about the way in which "the [[feminine]] object conceives the [[object relation]]." Lacan talks of [[motherhood]], [[love]], a [[case]] of feminine [[homosexuality]] (Freud's 1920) in which he sees a type of relation to lack and to the father.<br>
|-
|[[Jacques Lacan]]
|El Seminario de [[Jacques lacan|Jacques Lacan]]: La Relacion de Objeto The Seminary of [[Jacques lacan|Jacques Lacan]]: The Relation of Object (Spanish Edition)
|Ediciones Paidos Iberica
|1995
