[[Image:Sem4.jpg{{SeminarsNavBar|thumbRightPrevLink=Seminar III|rightRightPrevText=Seminar III|'''Livre IV: La relation d'objet et les structures freudiennes'''.]]RightNextLink=Seminar V|RightNextText=Seminar V}}
* {| align="center" style="width:600px; border:1px solid #aaa;text-align:left; line-height:2.0em; padding-left:10px;"| style="width:100px;text-align:left; line-height:2.0em; padding-left:10px;"| 1956 - 1957| style="width:100px;text-align:left; line-height:2.0em; padding-left:10px;"| [[Seminar IV]]| style="width:300px;text-align:left; line-height:2.0em; padding-left:10px;"| ''Le séminaire, Livre [[Seminar IV: |La relation d'objet et les structures freudiennes]]'', 1956-1957. Ed. <BR><big>[[Jacques-Alain MillerSeminar IV|The Object Relation]]. Paris: Seuil, 1994. </big>|}
[[Image:3076203.RS500x500.jpg|border|300px|right]]
=====About=====[[Lacan ]] confronts the [[theory ]] of [[object relations]] relations defended by the ‘’<i>[[Société Psychanalytique de Paris]]’’</i>: [[Freud]] did not bother about the [[objectabout]]the object, he cared about "the [[lack ]] of the object." This lack has [[nothing ]] to do with [[frustration]]. It is a matter of a [[renunciation]] that involves the law of the [[Father]]: "...between the [[mother]] and the [[child]], Freud introduced a [[third]] and [[imaginary]] term whose signifying [[role]] is a major one: the [[phallus]]." The study is based on the function of the object in [[phobia]] and in [[fetishism]] (Freud's <i>Little [[Hans]]</i>, <i>A Child is [[Being]] Beaten</i>). In his [[analysis]] of <i>[[Little Hans]]</i>, Lacan states that [[anxiety]] arises when the [[subject]] is poised between [[the imaginary]] preoedipical [[triangle]] and the Oedipical [[quaternary]]: Hans' [[real]] [[penis]] makes itself felt in [[infantile]] [[masturbation]]. Anxiety arises since he can now measure the [[difference]] between that for what he is loved (his [[position]] as [[imaginary phallus]]) and what he really has to give (his insignificant real [[organ]]). [[The Subject|The subject]] would have been rescued from anxiety by the [[castrating]] [[intervention]] of the real father, but the father fails to [[separate]] the child from the mother and thus Hans develops a phobia as a [[substitute]] for this intervention. It is not Hans' [[separation]] from the mother which produces anxiety, but failure to separate from her. [[Castration]], far from being the main source of anxiety, is what actually saves [[The Subject|the subject]] from it.
It We find imaginary solutions to the gap (<i>béance</i>) produced by the [[appearance]] of the phallus "as that which is [[lacking]] in the mother, in the mother and the child, and between the mother and the child," because the father alone is the bearer or possessor of the phallus. Lacan establishes [[three]] modes of rapport to this object: frustration (the imaginary damage done to a matter real object, the penis as organ), [[deprivation]] ( the real lack or [[hole]] created by the [[loss]] of a [[renunciationsymbolic]] that involves object, the phallus as [[signifier]]), castration ([[the symbolic]] debt in the [[register]] of the lawand the loss of the phallus as imaginary object). The mother falls from "[[the Symbolic]] to [[the Real]] of " while the [[Fatherobjects]]: , through the mediation of the phallus, fall from "the Real to the Symbolic." The fall of the mother leads to the [[structuring]] preference for the father..between Lacan muses about the way in which "the mother and [[feminine]] object conceives the child[[object relation]]." Lacan talks of [[motherhood]], [[love]], Freud introduced a third and imaginary term whose signifying role is a major one: the [[phalluscase]] of feminine [[homosexuality]](Freud's 1920) in which he sees a type of relation to lack and to the father."
The study As to the phallus and [[sexual]] difference, Lacan argues that in [[order]] to assume castration every child must [[renounce]] the possibility of being the phallus of the mother; this "rapport to the phallus is based on established without [[regard]] to the function [[anatomical]] difference of the object in [[phobiasexes]] and in ." The renunciation of [[fetishismidentification]] (Freud's ‘’with the imaginary phallus paves the way for a rapport with the symbolic phallus which is different for the sexes: the [[Little Hansmale]]’’has the symbolic phallus, ‘’i.e. "he is not without having it" - [[A Child is Being Beatenwoman]] does not. Yet the male can only lay [[claim]]’’)to the symbolic phallus if he assumes castration, i.e. to give up being the imaginary phallus. Further, the woman's lack of symbolic phallus is in itself a kind of possession.
In his analysis of Little Hans, Lacan states that [[anxiety]] arises when the [[subject]] is poised between the [[imaginary]] preoedipical triangle and the Oedipical [[quaternary]]: Hans' real penis makes itself felt in infantile masturbation. Anxiety arises since he can now measure the difference between that for what he is loved (his position as imaginary phallus) and what he really has to give (his insignificant real organ). ===The [[subject]] would have been rescued from anxiety by the castrating intervention of the real [[father]], but the father fails to separate the child from the [[mother]] and thus Hans develops a [[phobia]] as a substitute for this intervention. Real Phallus===
It Lacan uses the term penis to denote the [[biological]] organ and reserves the term phallus to denote the imaginary and symbolic functions of this organ. However, he does not always maintain the usage. This argues that the [[distinction]] between penis and phallus is somewhat unstable and that "the phallus [[concept]] is not Hans' separation from the mother which produces anxiety, but failure site of a [[regression]] towards the biological organ" (David Macey). The penis has an important role to separate from herplay in the [[Oedipus]] [[complex]]. It is via this organ that the child's [[Castrationsexuality]], far is felt in masturbation. The intrusion of the real in the imaginary preoedipical triangle transforms the triangle from being something pleasurable to something which provokes anxiety. The question posed by Oedipus is where the main source of anxietyreal phallus is located, the answer to the riddle is what actually saves that it is located in the subject from itreal father.
We find ===[[imaginaryThe Imaginary]] solutions Phallus===In the distinction between penis and phallus, the latter refers to the [[gap]] (‘’béance’’) produced an imaginary object. The imaginary phallus is perceived by the appearance child as an object of the mother's [[phallusdesire]] ", as that which is lacking in the mother, in the mother and she desire ahead of the child, and between the mother and thus the child," because the seeks to [[fatheridentify]] alone is the bearer or possessor of the phallus. Lacan establishes three modes of rapport to with this object: [[frustration]] (the imaginary damage done to a real object, the penis as organ), [[deprivation]] ( the real lack or hole created by the loss of a symbolic object, . The Oedipus and the phallus as [[signifier]]), [[castrationcomplex]] (imply the symbolic debt in the register renunciation of the [[law]] and the loss of attempt to be the imaginary phallus as [[imaginary]] object). <br><br>
===The Symbolic Phallus===The phallus which circulates between mother and child posits the first [[motherdialectic]] falls from "in the Symbolic to the Real" while the objectschild's [[life]] which, though imaginary, through frames the mediation of symbolic. An imaginary element is mobilized - the phallus, fall from "the Real to the Symbolicbecomes an imaginary signifier. The phallus is a symbolic object; it is a signifier."
The fall [[doctrine]] becomes systematized in <i>Les [[formations]] de l'[[inconscient]]</i>. In the 1960s the phallus is described as "the signifier of the mother leads desire of the [[Other]]" and the signifier of <i>[[jouissance]]</i>. Also the [[notion]] of <i>[[objet a]]</i>, the [[cause]] of [[desire,]] will be added to that of the structuring preference for the fatherphallus.
Lacan muses about the way in which ==English=={| class="wikitable"| [[Author]](s)| Title| Publisher| Year| Pages| [[Language]]| Size| Extension| colspan="the feminine object conceives the object relation.5" |Mirrors|-|[[Jacques Lacan talks ]]|El Seminario de [[Jacques lacan|Jacques Lacan]]: La Relacion de Objeto The Seminary of motherhood, [[loveJacques lacan|Jacques Lacan]], a case : The Relation of feminine homosexuality Object (Freud's 1920Spanish Edition) in which he sees a type of relation to lack and to the father|Ediciones Paidos Iberica|1995|172|Spanish|2 Mb|pdf|[http://library1.org/_ads/E6C6A1126E00DEA1C7D998DB231C18BE 1],[http://libgen.io/get.php?md5=E6C6A1126E00DEA1C7D998DB231C18BE 2], [http://b-ok.cc/md5/E6C6A1126E00DEA1C7D998DB231C18BE 3], [http://libgen. As to the phallus and sexual differenceme/item/detail/id/460792 4], Lacan argues that in order to assume castration every child must renounce the possibility of being the phallus of the mother; this "rapport to the phallus is established without regard to the anatomical difference of the sexes[http://bookfi." net/md5/E6C6A1126E00DEA1C7D998DB231C18BE 5]|}
The ==French=={| class="wikitable floatright" width="600" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="4" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" style="line-height:2.0em; padding-left:30px; background:#ffffff; text-align:center;"|-| bgcolor="#ffffff" width="150px" style="padding-left:10px" | Date| bgcolor="#ffffff" width="150px" style="padding-left:10px" | PDF| bgcolor="#ffffff" width="300px" style="padding-left:10px" | Title|-| colspan="4" style="text-align:center" | Theorie du [[renunciationmanque]] of d'objet|-| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | 21 novembre 1956 | [https://mega.nz/#!LCRxUYpD!KOQ6R1iBgF_n6CxUZxlYogkaRv1FDIfmxyiqtk4VXGY link]| Introduction|-| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | 28 novembre 1956 | [https://mega.nz/#!ibZDBQDA!68ve20TqXGtCc4hWx5xlGbZk34ula1O56ofzEny3CTc link]| Les trois formes du manque d'objet|-| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | 5 décembre 1956 | [https://mega.nz/#!rCAnGCDT!dZiEAFtlVOFA7meWNZWYxcs12DETNhp1-HZkjlO_zLY link]| Le [[signifiant]] et le Saint-Esprit|-| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | 12 décembre 1956 | [https://mega.nz/#!ybATCY7Y!bzg6S7tG8Js4yIEIMaDIcMo21OKqIYr_-VS1mJdip9k link]| La [[identificationdialectique]]de la frustration|-| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | 19 décembre 1956 | [https://mega.nz/#!KaJTxYLI!1KoVgUGSn8SK6Gqjp8K9YuwBIwdRd8TVzVqx8E39Vbk link] with the | De l'[[imaginary analyse]] comme Bundling, et ses conséquences|-| colspan="4" style="text-align:center" | Les voies perverses du desir|-| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | 9 janvier 1957 | [https://mega.nz/#!7WIHhAKJ!zxcIQBgMTHi3X9mfQN4F2bTEbw_3Ik9bMRJpiM3g8H4 link]| Le primat du phalluset la jeune homosexuelle|-| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | 16 janvier 1957 | [https://mega.nz/#!CbAHzSJC!FZfArmSweGOJ2jn_Mqca0uEvHto2esbG9v0l9Q3Vzso link]| On bat un [[enfant] paves the way for a rapport with the symbolic ] et la jeune homosexuelle|-| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | 23 janvier 1957 | [https://mega.nz/#!HPYTkC7K!8DV1URWb7amerln7qfJBS1hU3OKBBc4OX2wU6IZQzn0 link]| [[Dora]] et la jeune homosexuelle|-| colspan="4" style="text-align:center" | L'objet fetiche|-| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | 30 janvier 1957 | [https://mega.nz/#!vbAVVCZI!aFxuZ5VQASTYu1G_j4ydO7U9zP1w2R35oG9odu7l5lE link]| La [[fonction]] du voile|-| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | 6 février 1957 | [https://mega.nz/#!OXYTTCJT!VbJHBqxeZTtA7po9Udx5lux-o23_jFx1LRI1i8hnWTM link]| [[L'identification]] au phallus which is different for the sexes|-| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | 27 février 1957 | [https: the male has the symbolic //mega.nz/#!nOJFlYjC!Dy9eMS6_tnO1Hi_s4n4_y6JUWLr5es6WMMXPs0VVo_U link]| Le phallus, iet la mère inassouvie|-| colspan="4" style="text-align:center" | La [[structure]] des mythes dans l'observation de la [[phobie]] du petit Hans|-| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | 6 mars 1957| [https://mega.nz/#!uTQDGAYQ!0MNSxj9NqmNIaf0qXNT2dGS1l9YTxVQaQnExgA8Bl7M link]| Le [[complexe]] d'oedipe|-| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | 13 mars 1957| [https://mega.nz/#!LHYDRSiI!RTi8UnMr_0wNV3IR4azF5W-H_PdP1liDIGys8D2lTpo link]| Du [[complexe de castration]]|-| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | 20 mars 1957| [https://mega.nz/#!bPQTgI7L!yIGksYw-yyuNdBpVvvmK24ye5s2F-Zy7m3vrkRwbOeo link]| Le signifiant dans le [[Réel]]|-| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | 27 mars 1957| [https://mega.nz/#!HbYDWaYS!bb1Ew-YdGXsI1iKTNrz0fd9kXyXQOBsP0iyQVbf7Glc link]| A quoi sert le mythe|-| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | 3 avril 1957| [https://mega.nz/#!mHRRlYpT!iy56p9dqqP_2mHfSsq-FtqaRjcJOnePHWq47vvab8a8 link]| Comment s'analyse le mythe|-| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | 10 avril 1957| [https://mega.enz/#!GDJFjYiJ!_HoFVKdcKOg5ryzBGEDNq66aUvkXx3R5PjjuKap0LYg link]| Le signifiant et le mot d'esprit|-| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | 8 mai 1957| [https://mega. nz/#!jLYx0A6T!Xs9hiF--bLs-8xFnNM2w8kjoSoJoJsUPwew5Nv-QU2k link]| Circuits|-| bgcolor="he is not without having it#ffffff" style="padding- woman does notleft:15px" | 15 mai 1957| [https://mega. Yet the male can only lay claim to the symbolic phallus if he assumes castration, inz/#!PHYRzIiI!mmwfLfcIitW3JbSao-TRazYdN6JawMnaODiN7ZzGTJc link]| Permutations|-| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | 22 mai 1957| [https://mega.enz/#!TfB3gADb!ZAGc9uFfx0yKD7_s1rn1adqIU9mHp_8lRLOrcq6RDSU link]| Transformations|-| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | 5 juin 1957| [https://mega. to give up being the imaginary phallusnz/#!6aQlRKAQ!lRr6p2q488fw2RRWSAwR8ZJNQ6dlQarII-ly6rZywZg link]| Les culottes de la mère et la carence du [[père]]|-| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | 19 juin 1957| [https://mega. Further, the womannz/#!HLY3Taqb!ahLoVFNAArSpvQsotkJO4XVRF8RcVXxws3M5AA5_CgU link]| Essai d's lack of symbolic phallus is in itself a kind of possessionune logique de caoutchoue|-| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | 26 juin 1957| [https://mega.nz/#!KLZxgApS!v1r5nR084RQKoCWTuBOtMu0Y-fCpOygx1gURTPbZtLM link]| "Me donnera sans [[femme]] une progéniture"|-| colspan="4" style="text-align:center" | Envoi|-| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | 3 juillet 1957| [https://mega. nz/#!DaQTxaJa!5k9oQC-KyHnDSXtnoTM538q0HdDPWOQqeThVaRqQYPY link]| De Hans-le-fétiche à Léonard-en-miroir|}
French versions of [[Jacques Lacan|Lacan's]] [[Seminars]] Source: http://ecole-lacanienne.net* [[:File:Seminaire_04.pdf|Download]]<BR><pdf width="450px" height====The Real Phallus=====Lacan uses the term penis to denote the biological organ and reserves the term phallus to denote the imaginary and symbolic functions of this organ"600px">File:Seminaire_04. pdf</pdf>
However, he does not always maintain the usage. <!-- 1956-1957 This argues that the distinction between penis and phallus is somewhat unstable and that "the phallus concept is the site of a regression towards the biological organ" (David Macey). The penis has an important role to play in the Oedipus complex. It is via this organ that the child's sexuality is felt in masturbation. The intrusion of the real in the imaginary preoedipical triangle transforms the triangle from something pleasurable to something which provokes anxiety. The question posed by Oedipus is where the real phallus is located<b>Le séminaire, the answer to the riddle is that it is located in the real father. =====The Imaginary Phallus =====In the distinction between penis and phallus, the latter refers to an imaginary object. The imaginary phallus is perceived by the child as an object of the mother's desire, as that which she desire ahead of the child, thus the child seeks to identify with this object. The Oedipus and the castration complex imply the renunciation of the attempt to be the imaginary phallus. ===== The Symbolic Phallus =====The phallus which circulates between mother and child posits the first dialectic in the child's life which, though imaginary, frames the symbolic. An imaginary element is mobilized - the phallus becomes an imaginary signifier. The phallus is a symbolic object; it is a signifier. The doctrine becomes systematized in ‘’Les formations de l'inconscient’’. In the 1960s the phallus is described as "the signifier of the desire of the Other" and the signifier of 'Livre IV: La relation d'[[jouissanceobjet]]''. Also the notion of ‘’et les [[objet astructures]]’’, the cause of freudiennes.</b><br>[[desireFrench]], will be added to that of the phallus. =====Lectures====={{See}}* [http://www.ecole(texte établi par Jacques-lacanienne.net/stenos/seminaireIV/1956.11.21.pdf 21 novembre 1956[[Alain]]* [http://www.ecole-lacanienne.net/stenos/seminaireIV/1956.11.28.pdf 28 novembre 1956[Miller]]* ), [[http://www.ecole-lacanienne.net/stenos/seminaireIV/1956.12.05.pdf 05 décembre 1956Paris]* [http://www.ecole-lacanienne.net/stenos/seminaireIV/1956.12.12.pdf 12 décembre 1956]* [http://wwwSeuil, 1994.ecole-lacanienne.net/stenos/seminaireIV/1956.12.19.pdf 19 décembre 1956]{{Also}} =====See Also===== <br>[[From The Function of the VeilEnglish]] (IX in Seminar 4, The Object Relation) <http://personalunpublished.bgsu.edu/~dcallen/fetish.html--> [[Category:WorksSeminars]][[Category:Jacques Lacan]][[Category:Sigmund Freud]] __NOTOC____NOAUTOLINKS__
