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Seminar IV

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{| align="center" style="width:600px; border:1px solid #aaa;text-align:left; line-height:2.0em; padding-left:10px;"
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| style="width:100px;text-align:left; line-height:2.0em; padding-left:10px;"| 1956 - 1957
| style="width:100px;text-align:left; line-height:2.0em; padding-left:10px;"|[[SeminarIV]] IV
| style="width:300px;text-align:left; line-height:2.0em; padding-left:10px;"| ''[[Seminar IV|La relation d'objet et les structures freudiennes]]''<BR><big>[[Seminar IV|The Object Relation]]</big>
|}
[[Image:Sem43076203.RS500x500.jpg|250pxborder|300px|right]] [[Lacan]] confronts the [[theory]] of [[object]] relations defended by the <i>[[Société Psychanalytique de Paris]]</i>: [[Freud]] did not bother [[about]] the object, he cared about "the [[lack]] of the object." This lack has [[nothing]] to do with [[frustration]]. It is a matter of a [[renunciation]] that involves the law of the [[Father]]: "...between the [[mother]] and the [[child]], Freud introduced a [[third]] and [[imaginary]] term whose signifying [[role]] is a major one: the [[phallus]]." The study is based on the function of the object in [[phobia]] and in [[fetishism]] (Freud's <i>Little [[Hans]]</i>, <i>A Child is [[Being]] Beaten</i>). In his [[analysis]] of <i>[[Little Hans]]</i>, Lacan states that [[anxiety]] arises when the [[subject]] is poised between [[the imaginary]] preoedipical [[triangle]] and the Oedipical [[quaternary]]: Hans' [[real]] [[penis]] makes itself felt in [[infantile]] [[masturbation]]. Anxiety arises since he can now measure the [[difference]] between that for what he is loved (his [[position]] as [[imaginary phallus]]) and what he really has to give (his insignificant real [[organ]]). [[The Subject|The subject]] would have been rescued from anxiety by the [[castrating]] [[intervention]] of the real father, but the father fails to [[separate]] the child from the mother and thus Hans develops a phobia as a [[substitute]] for this intervention. It is not Hans' [[separation]] from the mother which produces anxiety, but failure to separate from her. [[Castration]], far from being the main source of anxiety, is what actually saves [[The Subject|the subject]] from it. We find imaginary solutions to the gap (<i>béance</i>) produced by the [[appearance]] of the phallus "as that which is [[lacking]] in the mother, in the mother and the child, and between the mother and the child," because the father alone is the bearer or possessor of the phallus. Lacan establishes [[three]] modes of rapport to this object: frustration (the imaginary damage done to a real object, the penis as organ), [[deprivation]] ( the real lack or [[hole]] created by the [[loss]] of a [[symbolic]] object, the phallus as [[signifier]]), castration ([[the symbolic]] debt in the [[register]] of the law and the loss of the phallus as imaginary object). The mother falls from "[[the Symbolic]] to [[the Real]]" while the [[objects]], through the mediation of the phallus, fall from "the Real to the Symbolic." The fall of the mother leads to the [[structuring]] preference for the father. Lacan muses about the way in which "the [[feminine]] object conceives the [[object relation]]." Lacan talks of [[motherhood]], [[love]], a [[case]] of feminine [[homosexuality]] (Freud's 1920) in which he sees a type of relation to lack and to the father.
As to the phallus and [[sexual]] difference, Lacan argues that in [[order]] to assume castration every child must [[renounce]] the possibility of being the phallus of the mother; this "rapport to the phallus is established without [[regard]] to the [[anatomical]] difference of the [[sexes]]." The renunciation of [[identification]] with the imaginary phallus paves the way for a rapport with the symbolic phallus which is different for the sexes: the [[male]] has the symbolic phallus, i.e. "he is not without having it" - [[woman]] does not. Yet the male can only lay [[claim]] to the symbolic phallus if he assumes castration, i.e. to give up being the imaginary phallus. Further, the woman's lack of symbolic phallus is in itself a kind of possession.
[[Lacan]] confronts the [[theory]] of [[object]] relations defended by the <i>[[Société Psychanalytique de Paris]]</i>: [[Freud]] did not bother [[about]] the object, he cared about "the [[lack]] of the object." This lack has [[nothing]] to do with [[frustration]]. It is a matter of a [[renunciation]] that involves the law of the [[Father]]: "...between the [[mother]] and the [[child]], Freud introduced a [[third]] and [[imaginary]] term whose signifying [[role]] is a major one: the [[phallus]]." ===The study is based on the function of the object in [[phobia]] and in [[fetishism]] (Freud's <i>Little [[Hans]]</i>, <i>A Child is [[Being]] Beaten</i>). In his [[analysis]] of <i>[[Little Hans]]</i>, Lacan states that [[anxiety]] arises when the [[subject]] is poised between [[the imaginary]] preoedipical [[triangle]] and the Oedipical [[quaternary]]: Hans' [[real]] [[penis]] makes itself felt in [[infantile]] [[masturbation]]. Anxiety arises since he can now measure the [[difference]] between that for what he is loved (his [[position]] as [[imaginary phallus]]) and what he really has to give (his insignificant real [[organ]]). The subject would have been rescued from anxiety by the [[castrating]] [[intervention]] of the real father, but the father fails to [[separate]] the child from the mother and thus Hans develops a phobia as a [[substitute]] for this intervention. It is not Hans' [[separation]] from the mother which produces anxiety, but failure to separate from her. [[Castration]], far from being the main source of anxiety, is what actually saves the subject from it.<br>Real Phallus===
We find imaginary solutions Lacan uses the term penis to the gap (<i>béance</i>) produced by denote the [[appearancebiological]] of organ and reserves the term phallus "as that which is [[lacking]] in to denote the mother, in the mother imaginary and the childsymbolic functions of this organ. However, and between he does not always maintain the mother and usage. This argues that the child," because the father alone is the bearer or possessor of the phallus. Lacan establishes [[threedistinction]] modes of rapport to this object: frustration (the imaginary damage done to a real object, the between penis as organ), [[deprivation]] ( and phallus is somewhat unstable and that "the real lack or phallus [[holeconcept]] created by is the [[loss]] site of a [[symbolicregression]] object, towards the phallus as [[signifier]]), castration biological organ" ([[the symbolic]] debt in the [[register]] of the law and the loss of the phallus as imaginary objectDavid Macey). The mother falls from "penis has an important role to play in the [[the SymbolicOedipus]] to [[the Realcomplex]]" while . It is via this organ that the child's [[objectssexuality]], through the mediation of the phallus, fall from "the Real to the Symbolicis felt in masturbation." The fall intrusion of the mother leads to real in the [[structuring]] preference for imaginary preoedipical triangle transforms the fathertriangle from something pleasurable to something which provokes anxiety. Lacan muses about The question posed by Oedipus is where the way in which "real phallus is located, the [[feminine]] object conceives answer to the [[object relation]]." Lacan talks of [[motherhood]], [[love]], a [[case]] of feminine [[homosexuality]] (Freud's 1920) riddle is that it is located in which he sees a type of relation to lack and to the real father.<br>
As to the phallus and ===[[sexualThe Imaginary]] differencePhallus===In the distinction between penis and phallus, Lacan argues that in [[order]] the latter refers to assume castration every an imaginary object. The imaginary phallus is perceived by the child must as an object of the mother's [[renouncedesire]] the possibility , as that which she desire ahead of being the phallus of child, thus the mother; this "rapport child seeks to the phallus is established without [[regardidentify]] to with this object. The Oedipus and the [[anatomicalcastration complex]] difference of imply the [[sexes]]." The renunciation of [[identification]] with the attempt to be the imaginary phallus paves the way for a rapport with the symbolic .<br><br> ===The Symbolic Phallus===The phallus which is different for the sexes: circulates between mother and child posits the first [[maledialectic]] has in the symbolic phallus, i.e. "he is not without having it" - child's [[womanlife]] does not. Yet the male can only lay [[claim]] to which, though imaginary, frames the symbolic phallus if he assumes castration, i.e. to give up being An imaginary element is mobilized - the phallus becomes an imaginary signifier. The phallus. Further, the woman's lack of is a symbolic phallus object; it is in itself a kind of possession.<br><br>The Real Phallussignifier.
<br>Lacan uses the term penis to denote the [[biological]] organ and reserves the term phallus to denote the imaginary and symbolic functions of this organ. However, he does not always maintain the usage. This argues that the [[distinction]] between penis and phallus is somewhat unstable and that "the phallus [[concept]] is the site of a [[regression]] towards the biological organ" (David Macey). The penis has an important role to play in the [[Oedipus]] [[complex]]. It is via this organ that the child's [[sexuality]] is felt in masturbation. The intrusion of the real in the imaginary preoedipical triangle transforms the triangle from something pleasurable to something which provokes anxiety. The question posed by Oedipus is where the real phallus is located, the answer to the riddle is that it is located in the real father.<br><br>
[[The Imaginary]] Phallus.<br>In the distinction between penis and phallus, the latter refers to an imaginary object. The imaginary phallus is perceived by the child as an object of the mother's [[desire]], as that which she desire ahead of the child, thus the child seeks to [[identify]] with this object. The Oedipus and the [[castration complex]] imply the renunciation of the attempt to be the imaginary phallus.<br><br>
The Symbolic Phallus.<br>The phallus which circulates between mother and child posits the first [[dialectic]] in the child's [[life]] which, though imaginary, frames the symbolic. An imaginary element is mobilized - the phallus becomes an imaginary signifier. The phallus is a symbolic object; it is a signifier.<br>
The [[doctrine]] becomes systematized in <i>Les [[formations]] de l'[[inconscient]]</i>. In the 1960s the phallus is described as "the signifier of the desire of the [[Other]]" and the signifier of <i>[[jouissance]]</i>. Also the [[notion]] of <i>[[objet a]]</i>, the [[cause]] of [[desire,]] will be added to that of the phallus.
==English==
{| class="wikitable"
|'''[[Author]](s)'''|'''Title'''|'''Publisher'''|'''Year'''|'''Pages'''|'''[[Language]]'''|'''Size'''|'''Extension'''| colspan="5" |'''Mirrors'''
|-
|[[Jacques Lacan]]
|El Seminario de [[Jacques lacan|Jacques Lacan]]: La Relacion de Objeto The Seminary of [[Jacques lacan|Jacques Lacan]]: The Relation of Object (Spanish Edition)
|Ediciones Paidos Iberica
|1995
|2 Mb
|pdf
|[http://library1.org/_ads/E6C6A1126E00DEA1C7D998DB231C18BE <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>]|,[http://libgen.io/get.php?md5=E6C6A1126E00DEA1C7D998DB231C18BE <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>]|, [http://b-ok.cc/md5/E6C6A1126E00DEA1C7D998DB231C18BE <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>]|, [http://libgen.me/item/detail/id/460792 <nowiki>[4]</nowiki>]|, [http://bookfi.net/md5/E6C6A1126E00DEA1C7D998DB231C18BE <nowiki>[5]</nowiki>]
|}
 ==French=={| class="wikitablefloatright" width="100%600" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="4" align="[[left]]" bgcolor="#ffffff" style="line-height:2.0em; padding-left:30px; background:#ffffff; text-align:center;"
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffff" width="200px150px" style="padding-left:10px" | [[{{Y}}|Date]]| bgcolor="#ffffff" width="200px150px" style="padding-left:10px" | [[{{Y}}|PDF]]|bgcolor="#ffffff" width="300px" style="padding-left:10px" | Title
|-
| colspan="4" style="text-align:center" | Theorie du [[manque]] d'objet
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|21 novembre 1956]] | [httphttps://{{archive}}/seminaireIVmega.nz/1956.11.21.pdf #!LCRxUYpD!KOQ6R1iBgF_n6CxUZxlYogkaRv1FDIfmxyiqtk4VXGY link]
| Introduction
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|28 novembre 1956]] | [httphttps://{{archive}}/seminaireIVmega.nz/1956.11.28.pdf #!ibZDBQDA!68ve20TqXGtCc4hWx5xlGbZk34ula1O56ofzEny3CTc link]
| Les trois formes du manque d'objet
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|5 décembre 1956]] | [httphttps://{{archive}}mega.nz/seminaireIV/1956.12.05.pdf #!rCAnGCDT!dZiEAFtlVOFA7meWNZWYxcs12DETNhp1-HZkjlO_zLY link]
| Le [[signifiant]] et le Saint-Esprit
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|12 décembre 1956]] | [httphttps://{{archive}}mega.nz/seminaireIV/1956.12.12.pdf #!ybATCY7Y!bzg6S7tG8Js4yIEIMaDIcMo21OKqIYr_-VS1mJdip9k link]
| La [[dialectique]] de la frustration
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|19 décembre 1956]] | [httphttps://{{archive}}/seminaireIVmega.nz/1956.12.19.pdf #!KaJTxYLI!1KoVgUGSn8SK6Gqjp8K9YuwBIwdRd8TVzVqx8E39Vbk link]
| De l'[[analyse]] comme Bundling, et ses conséquences
|-
| colspan="4" style="text-align:center" | Les voies perverses du desir
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|9 janvier 1957]] | [httphttps://{{archive}}mega.nz/seminaireIV/1957.01.09.pdf #!7WIHhAKJ!zxcIQBgMTHi3X9mfQN4F2bTEbw_3Ik9bMRJpiM3g8H4 link]
| Le primat du phallus et la jeune homosexuelle
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|16 janvier 1957]] | [httphttps://{{archive}}/seminaireIVmega.nz/1957.01.16.pdf #!CbAHzSJC!FZfArmSweGOJ2jn_Mqca0uEvHto2esbG9v0l9Q3Vzso link]
| On bat un [[enfant]] et la jeune homosexuelle
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|23 janvier 1957]] | [httphttps://{{archive}}/seminaireIVmega.nz/1957.01.23.pdf #!HPYTkC7K!8DV1URWb7amerln7qfJBS1hU3OKBBc4OX2wU6IZQzn0 link]
| [[Dora]] et la jeune homosexuelle
|-
| colspan="4" style="text-align:center" | L'objet fetiche
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|30 janvier 1957]] | [httphttps://{{archive}}/seminaireIVmega.nz/1957.01.30.pdf #!vbAVVCZI!aFxuZ5VQASTYu1G_j4ydO7U9zP1w2R35oG9odu7l5lE link]
| La [[fonction]] du voile
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|6 février 1957]] | [httphttps://{{archive}}mega.nz/seminaireIV/1957.02.06.pdf #!OXYTTCJT!VbJHBqxeZTtA7po9Udx5lux-o23_jFx1LRI1i8hnWTM link]
| [[L'identification]] au phallus
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|27 février 1957]] | [httphttps://{{archive}}/seminaireIVmega.nz/1957.02.27.pdf #!nOJFlYjC!Dy9eMS6_tnO1Hi_s4n4_y6JUWLr5es6WMMXPs0VVo_U link]
| Le phallus et la mère inassouvie
|-
| colspan="4" style="text-align:center" | La [[structure]] des mythes dans l'observation de la [[phobie]] du petit Hans
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|6 mars 1957]]| [httphttps://{{archive}}mega.nz/seminaireIV/1957.03.06.pdf #!uTQDGAYQ!0MNSxj9NqmNIaf0qXNT2dGS1l9YTxVQaQnExgA8Bl7M link]
| Le [[complexe]] d'oedipe
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|13 mars 1957]]| [httphttps://{{archive}}/seminaireIVmega.nz/1957.03.13.pdf #!LHYDRSiI!RTi8UnMr_0wNV3IR4azF5W-H_PdP1liDIGys8D2lTpo link]
| Du [[complexe de castration]]
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|20 mars 1957]]| [httphttps://{{archive}}/seminaireIVmega.nz/1957.03.20.pdf #!bPQTgI7L!yIGksYw-yyuNdBpVvvmK24ye5s2F-Zy7m3vrkRwbOeo link]
| Le signifiant dans le [[Réel]]
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|27 mars 1957]]| [httphttps://{{archive}}/seminaireIVmega.nz/1957.03.27.pdf #!HbYDWaYS!bb1Ew-YdGXsI1iKTNrz0fd9kXyXQOBsP0iyQVbf7Glc link]
| A quoi sert le mythe
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|3 avril 1957]]| [httphttps://{{archive}}mega.nz/seminaireIV/1957.04.03.pdf #!mHRRlYpT!iy56p9dqqP_2mHfSsq-FtqaRjcJOnePHWq47vvab8a8 link]
| Comment s'analyse le mythe
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|10 avril 1957]]| [httphttps://{{archive}}/seminaireIVmega.nz/1957.04.10.pdf #!GDJFjYiJ!_HoFVKdcKOg5ryzBGEDNq66aUvkXx3R5PjjuKap0LYg link]
| Le signifiant et le mot d'esprit
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|8 mai 1957]]| [httphttps://{{archive}}mega.nz/seminaireIV/1957.05.08.pdf #!jLYx0A6T!Xs9hiF--bLs-8xFnNM2w8kjoSoJoJsUPwew5Nv-QU2k link]
| Circuits
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|15 mai 1957]]| [httphttps://{{archive}}/seminaireIVmega.nz/1957.05.15.pdf #!PHYRzIiI!mmwfLfcIitW3JbSao-TRazYdN6JawMnaODiN7ZzGTJc link]
| Permutations
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|22 mai 1957]]| [httphttps://{{archive}}/seminaireIVmega.nz/1957.05.22.pdf #!TfB3gADb!ZAGc9uFfx0yKD7_s1rn1adqIU9mHp_8lRLOrcq6RDSU link]
| Transformations
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|5 juin 1957]]| [httphttps://{{archive}}mega.nz/seminaireIV/1957.06.05.pdf #!6aQlRKAQ!lRr6p2q488fw2RRWSAwR8ZJNQ6dlQarII-ly6rZywZg link]
| Les culottes de la mère et la carence du [[père]]
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|19 juin 1957]]| [httphttps://{{archive}}/seminaireIVmega.nz/1957.06.19.pdf #!HLY3Taqb!ahLoVFNAArSpvQsotkJO4XVRF8RcVXxws3M5AA5_CgU link]
| Essai d'une logique de caoutchoue
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|26 juin 1957]]| [httphttps://{{archive}}/seminaireIVmega.nz/1957.06.26.pdf #!KLZxgApS!v1r5nR084RQKoCWTuBOtMu0Y-fCpOygx1gURTPbZtLM link]
| "Me donnera sans [[femme]] une progéniture"
|-
| colspan="4" style="text-align:center" | Envoi
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding-left:15px" | [[{{Y}}|3 juillet 1957]]| [httphttps://{{archive}}mega.nz/seminaireIV/1957.07.03.pdf #!DaQTxaJa!5k9oQC-KyHnDSXtnoTM538q0HdDPWOQqeThVaRqQYPY link]
| De Hans-le-fétiche à Léonard-en-miroir
|}
 
French versions of [[Jacques Lacan|Lacan's]] [[Seminars]] Source: http://ecole-lacanienne.net
* [[:File:Seminaire_04.pdf|Download]]
<BR><pdf width="450px" height="600px">File:Seminaire_04.pdf</pdf>
<!-- 1956-1957
[[French]]: (texte établi par Jacques-[[Alain]] [[Miller]]), [[Paris]]: Seuil, 1994.<br>
[[English]]: unpublished. -->
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