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| ''[[La logique du fantasme]]''<BR>[[The Logic of Fantasy]]
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==English translation==
An [[English]] [[translation]] of [[Seminar XXI]], made from unpublished [[French]] transcripts, was made by a [[reading]] group associated with [http://www.lacaninireland.com ''Jacques Lacan in Ireland''] and arranged in a presentable [[form]] by Tony Hughes.* Download: ** [http://www.lacaninireland.com/web/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/14-Logic-of-Phantasy-Complete.pdf Downloadhere], ([http://www.lacaninireland.com/web/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/THE-SEMINAR-OF-JACQUES-LACAN-XIV.pdf Mirror #21]), ([https://mega.nz/#!DLwwBa6J!KLbutzIPOvYDfGanqJ4-lB2-VsbbrsRhh1nVOcCKGDQ Mirror #32])
<pdf width="450px" height="600px">File:THE-SEMINAR-OF-JACQUES-LACAN-XIV.pdf</pdf>
Lacan elaborates on the [[notion]] of "unbeing," <i>désêtre</i>, which would become the mark of the [[end of analysis]]. He elaborates on puns: the unconscious desire is "pure desire," <i>dés-être</i> like <i>dés-espoir</i>, despair, is an <i>irpas</i>, from the Latin <i>ire</i>, to go and the [[negation]] <i>pas</i>, not, which is an <i>impassé</i>, something that had not gone through, linked to the desire of the Other, but also an <i>[[impasse]]</i>, a [[dead]] end, due to repetition. The [[interpretation]] does not entail any solution, <i>issue</i>, to the [[interpreted]] desire because there is no solution, <i>issue</i>, to the unconscious desire that "will always remain a <i>désirpas</i> (desirenot)." For lacan, is this [[knowledge]] of the truth of the unconscious desire really the solution, <i>issue</i> to be offered in analysis, the solution to the unfulfilled desire" of [[hysteria]], to the "prevented desire" of [[phobia]], or to the "impossible desire" of [[obsession]]? By itself, the <i>objet a</i> upholds "the truth of alienation"; to discover this truth is to discover that "there is no [[universe]] of [[discourse]]" because something real (something impossible because not symbolizable) eludes it.<br>
"The big [[secret]] of [[psychoanalysis]] is that there is no sexual act," all there is is [[sexuality]], a very different [[thing]]. [[The Act|The act]] has a specific definition: it provokes a signifying doubling that allows for an insertion of [[The Subject|the subject]] in a [[chain]] in which he inscribes himself. Or it raises the institution of the signifier. But there is no signifier of [[sexual difference]] and none of the [[feminine]] sex either. Between man and [[woman]] "there is this [[third]] object, <i>objet a</i>, whose always sliding function of [[substitution]] makes it impossible to keep them opposed in whatever eternal [[essence]]. It is impossible then to posit a subject inscribing himself as sexed in [[The Act|the act]] of conjunction to the subject of what is called the opposite sex." At [[the symbolic]] level, "[[there is no sexual rapport]]": there is merely (a + 1) and (a - 1), where a term marks the difference as a plus or a a minus. The phallus is "the sex-unity": the 1 symbolizes the incommensurable.<br>
Lacan uses [[Marx]]'s [[analyses]] of use [[value]] and [[exchange]] value, and starts his [[theory]] of "man-he" (<i>l'[[homme]]-il</i>). The "man-he" is also the man-standard and the man-stallion (<i>l'homme-étalon</i>), as well as the bull and the poor bearer of the [[symbol]] of sex, doomed to symbolic [[castration]]. He does not [[know]] how to live since there is no Other to [[guarantee]] him, not even if he were God, marked as he is by castration. The only safeguard is the [[construction]] of a protective [[society]] based on [[masculine]] [[homosexuality]]. The [[Father]] of Freud's primal [[horde]], because he supposedly <i>jouis</i> all [[women]], sees "his <i>jouissance</i> killed." Then, if the almighty phallus circulates, it is due to women. "Woman represents the phallus as an exchange value among men; and, if the [[power]] of the penis bears the mark of castration, it is because fictitiously she becomes what is enjoyed, <i>ce dont on jouit</i>, and circulates as an object of <i>jouissance</i>: she is the locus of [[transference]] of this <i>jouissance</i> value" represented by the phallus. Through her identification to the [[use value]] embodied in the phallus, woman transforms herself into an object-[[good]]. Yet, she does not lack resouirces, such as [[masquerade]], to act as "man-she," <i>l'homme-elle</i>. "She is inexpugnable as a woman precisely [[outside]] the system of the sexual act," or "she has a different use of her own <i>jouissance</i> outside this [[ideology]]." Thus, Lacan establishes "the radical [[heterogeneity]]" of the <i>jouissance</i> of the two [[sexes]] whose rapport could only be problematic. He begins here a [[reflection]] that will lead him to <i>[[Encore]]</i>, the twentieth seminar.
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