Changes
The LinkTitles extension automatically added links to existing pages (<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://github.com/bovender/LinkTitles">https://github.com/bovender/LinkTitles</a>).
{{TopToppp}}psychose]]|-|| [[German]]: ''[[Psychose{{Bottom}}
[[Psychosis]] is a nosological [[category]] distinct from [[neurosis]] and [[perversion]]. It is brought [[about]] by the [[foreclosure]] of a primordial [[signifier]], the [[Name-of-the-Father]].
# A [[particular]] relation to reality# A special relation of the subject to his [[speech]];# A particular structure of the subject-->=====Neurosis===Sigmund Freud==In It is [[psychoanalysistrue]] that Freud had found that the [[discourse]] of the psychotic and the apparently bizarre and meaningless phenomena of psychosis could be deciphered and [[understood]], however, "just as [[psychosisdreams]]" is often used to describe a can. Freud''severe'' form s [[analysis]] of the psychotic [[Schreber]]'''mental illness''s memoirs thus broke with contemporary approaches to psychosis, while "'''which regarded psychotics as beyond the limits of [[neurosisunderstanding]]'''" is used to describe ''less severe'' forms(Freud, 1951).
However, as Lacan points out, the fact that the psychotic's discourse is just as interpretable as that of the neurotic leaves the two disorders at the same level and fails to account for the major differences between [[them]], thus the [[distinction]] between the two remains to be explained. It is around this issue of the different mechanisms in psychosis and neurosis that Lacan's major contribution to the study of psychosis revolves.
Freud claims that in both neurosis and psychosis there is a [[withdrawal]] of investment, or [[object]]-[[cathexis]], from [[objects]] in the [[Freudworld]] developed a distinction between "'''. In the [[neurosiscase]]of neurosis the object-cathexis is retained, but is invested in fantasized objects in the neurotic'''" and "s [[psychosisinternal]]" which world. In the case of psychosis the withdrawn cathexis is basic to invested in the ego at the expense of all object-[[psychoanalysiscathexes]], according to which "even in [[psychosisfantasy]]" denotes a ''serious'' type . This turning of '''mental illness''' [[libido]] upon the ego accounts for [[symptoms]] such as [[hypochondria]] and "'''megalomania. The delusional [[system]], the most striking feature of psychosis, arises in a second [[stage]]. Freud characterizes the [[neurosisconstruction]]'''" of a delusional system as an attempt at recovery in which the psychotic re-establishes a ''less serious'' type new, often very intense, relation with the people and things in the world by way of '''mental illness'''a delusional [[formation]].
==Jacques Lacan==
===History===
[[Lacan]] discussed [[psychosis]] throughout his [[Jacques Lacan:Bibliography|work]]. His interest in [[psychosis]] predates his interest in [[psychoanalysis]]. [[Jacques Lacan]] studied [[psychosis]] for his doctoral research about a [[woman]] he calls "[[Aimee]]."<ref>{{1932}}</ref> Indeed it was his doctoral research, which concerned a [[psychotic]] [[woman]] whom [[Lacan]] calls [[Aimée]] that first led [[Lacan]] to [[psychoanalytic theory]].<ref>{{1932}}</ref> It is common to compare [[Lacan]]'s tortured and at [[times]] almost incomprehensible style of [[writing]] and speaking to the discourse of [[psychotic]] [[patient]]s. [[Lacan]]'s discussions of [[psychosis]] are among the most significant and original aspects of his [[work]]. [[Lacan]]'s most detailed [[discussion]] of [[psychosis]] appears in his [[seminar]] of 1955-6, entitled simply ''[[Seminar III|The Psychoses]]''. It is here that he expounds what come to be the main tenets of the [[Lacan]]ian approach to [[madness]].
=====Ego==Clinical Structure===[[FreudPsychosis]] is defined as one of the three [[clinical structure]]s, one of which is defined by the operation of [[foreclosure]]. In this operation, the [[Name-of-the-Father]] is not integrated in the [[symbolic order|symbolic universe]] of the [[psychotic]] (it is "[[foreclosed]]"), with the result that a [[hole]] is [[left]] in the [[symbolic order]]. To [[speak]] of a [[lack|hole]] argues in the [[symbolic order]] is not to say that both '''the [[neurosispsychotic]]''' and does not have an [[unconscious]]; on the contrary, in [[psychosis]] originate "the unconscious is [[present]] but not functioning."<ref>{{S3}} p. 208</ref> The [[psychotic]] [[structure]] thus results from a certain malfunction of the [[Oedipus complex]], a [[lack]] in a conflict between the [[egopaternal function]]; more specifically, in [[psychosis]] the [[paternal function]] is reduced to the [[image]] and other agencies of the [[psychefather]] (the [[symbolic]] is reduced to the [[imaginary]]).
===Treatment===[[Freud]] devoted relatively little attention to was skeptical about the possibility of practising [[psychoanalysis]] with [[psychotic]] [[patients]]. [[Lacan]] follows [[Freud]] in arguing that while [[psychosis]] is of great interest for [[psychoanalytic theory]], mainly because his theory it is [[outside]] the field of the classical method of [[psychoanalysispsychoanalytic treatment]], which is only appropriate for [[neurosis]] was developed primarily with reference ; "to use the [[technique]] that [[neurosisFreud]]established outside the experience to which it was applied (i.e. neurosis) is as stupid as to toil at the oars when the ship is on the sand."<ref>{{E}} p.221</ref>
<!-- ====Language Disorders==== -->
<!-- The [[language]] phenomena most notable in [[psychosis]] are ''disorders'' of [[language]], and [[Lacan]] argues that the [[presence]] of such disorders is a necessary condition for a diagnosis of [[psychosis]].<ref>{{S3}} p. 92</ref> Among the psychotic language disorders which Lacan draws attention to are holophrases and the extensive use of neologisms (which may be completely new [[words]] coined by the psychotic, or already existing words which the psychotic redefines).<ref>{{Ec}} p. 167</ref> In [[{{Y}}|1956]], [[Lacan]] attributes these [[language]] disorders to the [[psychotic]]'s [[lack]] of a sufficient [[number]] of ''[[points de capiton]]''. -->
<!-- The lack of sufficient ''[[points de capiton]]'' means that the psychotic experience is characterized by a constant [[slippage]] of the [[signified]] under the signifier, which is a disaster for [[signification]]; there is a continual "cascade of reshapings of the signifier fromw hich the increasing disaster of the imaginary proceeds, until the level is reached at which signifier and signified are stablized in the delusional [[metaphor]]."<ref>{{E}} p. 217</ref> [[Another]] way of describing this is as "a [[relationship]] between the subject and the signifier in its most [[formal]] [[dimension]], in its dimension as a pure signifier."<ref>{{S3}} p. 250</ref> This relationship of the subject to the signifier in its purely formal aspect constitutes "the nucleus of psychosis."<ref>{{S3}} p.250</ref> "If the neurotic inhabits language, the psychotic is inhabited, possessed, by language."<ref>{{S3}} p. 250</ref> -->
<references/>
</div>
[[Category:Jacques Lacan]]
[[Category:DictionaryTerms]]
[[Category:Treatment]]
[[Category:Concepts]]
[[Category:Psychoanalysis]]
{{OK}}
[[Category:Practice]]
[[Category:Subject]]
__NOTOC__