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{{ToppToppp}}psychose]]|-|| [[German]]: ''[[Psychose{{Bottom}}
[[Psychosis]] is a nosological [[category]] distinct from [[neurosis]] and [[perversion]]. It is brought [[about]] by the [[foreclosure]] of a primordial [[signifier]], the [[Name-of-the-Father]].
In his seminar of 1955-56 ([[Seminar III|Seminar III, ''The Psychoses'']]), Lacan argues that there is a [[defense mechanism]] specific to [[psychosis]] on the grounds that the peculiarly invasive and devastating [[nature]] of psychotics' delusional systems and hallucinations indicates major [[structural]] differences between [[psychosis]] and [[neurosis]].
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The term [[psychosis]] is used in many ways, but in general refers to [[people]] [[suffering]] from so-called [[schizophrenia]], with [[hallucination]]s and [[delusion]]s; manic [[depression]]; various [[paranoia|paranoid states]]; and severe hypochondrial, [[obsessional neurosis|obsessional]], or [[narcissism|narcissistic states]]. The term "[[psychosis]]" is used in [[psychoanalysis]] to describe a ''severe [[mental]] disorder'', more serious than [[neurosis]], characterized by disorganized [[thought]] [[processes]], disorientation in [[time]] and [[space]], [[hallucination]]s, and [[delusion]]s. Types of [[psychosis]] include [[paranoia]], [[manic depression]], [[megalomania]], and [[schizophrenia]]. [[Psychosis]] has many different forms: [[paranoia]], [[schizophrenia]], and [[manic-depression]]. Common features are difficult to define exactly, but psychoanalytically [[speaking]] one can see [[three]] broad features in psychotic patients:
# A [[particular]] relation to reality
# A special relation of the subject to his [[speech]];
# A particular structure of the subject
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==Sigmund Freud==
Freud claims that in both neurosis and psychosis there is a [[Psychosiswithdrawal]] is defined as one of the three investment, or [[clinical structureobject]]s, one of which is defined by the operation of -[[foreclosurecathexis]]. In this operation, the from [[Name-of-the-Fatherobjects]] is not integrated in the [[symbolic order|symbolic universeworld]] of . In the [[psychoticcase]] (it of neurosis the object-cathexis is "[[foreclosed]]")retained, with the result that a hole but is left invested in fantasized objects in the neurotic's [[symbolic orderinternal]]world. To speak In the case of a hole psychosis the withdrawn cathexis is invested in the [[symbolic order]] is not to say that ego at the expense of all object-[[psychotic]] does not have an [[unconsciouscathexes]]; on the contrary, even in [[psychosisfantasy]] "the unconscious is present but not functioning."<ref>{{S3}} p. 208</ref> The This turning of [[psychoticlibido]] upon the ego accounts for [[structuresymptoms]] thus results from a certain malfunction of the such as [[Oedipus complexhypochondria]], a and megalomania. The delusional [[lacksystem]] in , the [[paternal function]]; more specificallymost striking feature of psychosis, arises in a second [[psychosisstage]] . Freud characterizes the [[paternal function]] is reduced to the [[imageconstruction]] of a delusional system as an attempt at recovery in which the [[father]] (psychotic re-establishes a new, often very intense, relation with the [[symbolic]] is reduced to people and things in the world by way of a delusional [[imaginaryformation]]).
== References ==
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[[Category:Jacques Lacan]]
[[Category:Concepts]]
[[Category:Psychoanalysis]]
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[[Category:Practice]]
[[Category:Subject]]
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