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Symbolic
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{{Top}}| align="[[right]]" style="line-height:2.0em;text-align:right;margin-left: 10px;background-color:#fcfcfc;border:1px solid #aaa" | [[French]]: ''[[symbolique{{Bottom}]]''|}
==Alterity==The [[symbolic order ]] is also the realm of radical [[alterity]] which [[Lacan]] refers to as the [[Other]]. The [[deathunconscious]] is the [[discourse]], of this [[absenceOther]] , and of thus belongs wholly to the [[lacksymbolic order]]. The [[symbolic ]] is both the realm of the [[pleasure principleLaw]] which regulates [[desire]] in the distance from [[Oedipus complex]]. It is theThing, and realm of [[culture]] as opposed to the [[death driveimaginary]] [[order]] which goes 'beyond of [[nature]]. Whereas the pleasure principle' [[imaginary]] is characterised by means of repetition;<ref>S2[[dual relation]]s, 210</ref> in factthe [[symbolic]] is characterised by [[triad]]ic [[structures]], 'because the death drive [[intersubjective]] relationship is only always "mediated" by a [[third]] term, the mask of the symbolic order'[[big Other]].<ref> S2, 326</ref>
==Death==The [[symbolic order ]] is completely autonomous: it is not a superstructure determined by biology or geneticsalso the realm of [[death]], of [[absence]] and of [[lack]]. It The [[symbolic]] is completely contingent with respect to both the [[pleasure principle]] which regulates the distance from the real: 'There is no biological reason[[Thing]], and in particular no genetic one, to account for exogamy. In the human order we are dealing with [[death drive]] which goes "[[pleasure principle|beyond the complete emergence pleasure principle]]" by means of a new function, encompassing the whole order in its entirety'.[[repetition]];<ref> ({{S2, 29}} p. 210</ref> Thus while in fact, "the symbolic may seem to 'spring from [[death drive]] is only the real' as pre-given, this is an illusion, and 'one shouldn't think that symbols actually have come from mask of the real'[[symbolic order]]."<ref> ({{S2, 238}} p. 326</ref>
==Autonomy==The [[symbolic order]] is completely [[autonomous]]: it is not a superstructure determined by [[biology]] or [[biology|genetics]]. It is completely [[contingent]] with respect to the [[real]]: "There is no [[biological]] [[reason]], and in particular no genetic one, to account for exogamy. In the human order we are dealing with the [[complete]] emergence of a new function, encompassing the [[whole]] order in its entirety."<ref>{{S2}} p. 29</ref> Thus while the [[symbolic]] may seem to "spring from the real" as pre-given, this is an [[illusion]], and "one shouldn't [[think]] that [[symbols]] actually have come from the real."<ref>{{S2}} p. 238</ref> The totalising, all-encompassing effect of the [[symbolic order ]] leads [[Lacan ]] to [[speak ]] of the [[symbolic ]] as a [[universe]]: '"In the symbolic order the [[totality ]] is called a universe. The symbolic order from the first takes on its [[universal ]] [[character]]. It isn't constituted bit by bit. As soon as the [[symbol ]] arrives, there is a universe of symbols.'"<ref> ({{S2, }} p. 29)</ref> There is therefore no question of a gradual continuous transition from the [[imaginary ]]to the [[symbolic]]; they are completely heterogeneous domains. Once the [[symbolic order ]] has arisen, it creates the sense that it has always been there, since '"we find it absolutely [[impossible ]] to speculate on what preceded it other than by symbols'."<ref> ({{S2, }} p. 5)</ref> For this reason it is strictly [[speaking ]] impossible to conceive the origin of [[language]], let alone what came before, which is why questions of [[development ]] lie [[outside ]] the field of [[psychoanalysis]].
==Psychoanalysis==[[Lacan ]] criticises the [[psychoanalysis ]] of his day for [[forgetting ]] the [[symbolic order ]] and reducing everything to the [[imaginary]]. This is, for [[Lacan]], [[nothing ]] less than a [[betrayal ]] of [[Freud]]'s most basic insights; '"Freud's discovery is that of the field of the effects, in the nature of man, produced by his relation to the symbolic order. To ignore this symbolic order is to condemn the discovery to oblivion.'"<ref> ({{E, }} p. 64)</ref>[[Lacan]] argues that it is only by [[working]] in the [[symbolic order]] that the [[analyst]] can produce changes in the [[subjective]] [[position]] of the [[analysand]]; these changes will also produce [[imaginary]] effects, since the [[imaginary]] is [[structure]]d by the [[symbolic]].
==See Also==
* [[Imaginary]]
* [[Name-of-the-Father]]
* [[NeurosisOedipus complex]]* [[ObjectOther]]* [[Object a]]||* [[Optical schemaOrder]]* [[Phallus]]* [[Privation]]* [[Psychoses, chronic and delusional Real]]* [[Real, Imaginary, and Symbolic father]] * [[Formulas of Sexuation]]* [[Signifier]] * [[Structuralism and psychoanalysis]]* [[Subject]] * [[Subject's desire]]||* [[SymbolStructure]] * [[SymbolizationUnconscious]]* [[Symptom]]* [[sinthome]] * [[Thalassa: A Theory of Genitality]]* [[Topology]]* [[Unary trait]]* [[Want of being/lack of being]]{{Also}}
==References==
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[[Category:Symbolic]]