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This [[seminar]] also contains an early short version of ''[[The Purloined Letter]]'' paper and some rather strange reflections on language and cybernetics.
[[Jacques Lacan|Lacan]] reviews three of [[Sigmund Freud|Freud]]'s [[{{FB}}|works]], ''[[Beyond the Pleasure Principle]]'', on the [[death instinct]]; ''[[Group Psychology and the Analysis of the Ego]]''; and ''[[The Ego and the Id]]''.
=====Schema L=====
[[Image:SchemaL.gif |center]]
[[Jacques Lacan|Lacan]] elaborates the ''[[Schéma L]]'' during this [[seminar]]. This four-term structure, which maps the [[Real]], the [[Imaginary]] and the [[Symbolic]], replaced the second Freudian topography [[ego]]/[[id]]/[[superego]].
Two diagonals intersect, while the imaginary rapport links ‘’a’’ (the ego) to ‘’a'’’ (the other), the line going from S (the subject, the Freudian ‘’id’’) to A (the Other) is interrupted by the first one.
The [[Other]] is difficult to define: it is the place of [[language]] where [[subjectivity]] is constituted; it is the place of primal [[speech]] linked to the [[Father]]; it is the place of the absolute Other, the [[mother]] in the [[demand]].
The Other makes the subject without him knowing it.
With Lacan in Freud's ‘’Wo Es war, soll Ich werden’’, ‘’Es’’ is the subject. It knows him or doesn't. The further, more exacting insight, is It speaks or doesn't. At the end of analysis, it is It who must be called on to speak, and to enter in relation with real Others. Where ‘’S’’ was, there the ‘’Ich’’ should be.
=====More=====
The dream of Irma's injection (Freud) allowed Lacan to draw a heroic fresco of human destiny through the figure of the psychoanalyst who functions as the founding myth of psychoanalysis.
The most tragic moment is the confrontation with the Real. a theme that, in years, would become increasinglyimportant. Here, in its "horror," the "ultimate Real," "impossible to mediate," not even an object but this "something in front of which words stop," is both the feminine mouth and sexual organs combined.
Fortunately, the study of the Sosie, in Plautus and Moliere, gives a less frightening version of this destiny between ego and subject because woman is inserted into an "androcentric" system.
As for the unconscious, how was it articulated at this point? It was defined through ontology (Heidegger), through structuralism (Levi-Strauss), through an intersubjective combinatory (Poe), and through cybernetics ("The primordial and primitive language is the language of the machine: 0 and )"). Cybernetics indeed provides the opportunity for a remarkable conference on June 22, 1955. Hyppolite asks: "What use doeS] the Symbolic have?" -"The Symbolic, the Imaginary, and the Real are useful in giving its meaning to a particularly pure symbolic experience, that of analysis. "
=====Long Summary=====
He claims that "analysis deals with [[resistances]]."
’’Consciousness’’ is transparent to itself, whereas the I (''je'') is not.
Since the symbolic dimension is the only dimension that [[cure]]s, "The symbolic order is simultaneously non-being and insisting to be, that is what Freud has in mind when he talks about the death instinct as being what is most fundamental: a symbolic order in travail, in the process of coming, insisting in being realised."
==Bibliography==
