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Topology

21 bytes added, 06:40, 11 November 2007
Sigmund Freud
=====Sigmund Freud=====
<nowiki>In what have been called his two "[[topology|topographies]]" (the first dating from 1900 and the second from 1923), [[Freud]] resorted to [[schema]]s to represent the various parts of the [[psychic apparatus]] and their interrelations. These schemas implicitly posited an equivalence between psychic space and Euclidean space. </nowiki>  [[Freud]] used spatial metaphors to describe the psyche in ''[[The Interpretation of Dreams]]'', where he cites G. T. Fechner's idea that the scene of action of dreams is different from that of waking ideational life and proposes the concept of 'psychical locality'. [[Freud]] is careful to explain that this concept is a purely topographical one, and must not be confused with physical locality in any anatomical fashion.<ref>Freud, 1900a: SE V, 536</ref> His "[[topology|first topography]]" divided the [[psyche]] into three systems: the [[conscious]] (Cs), the [[preconscious]] ([[Pcs]]) and the [[unconscious]] ([[Ucs]]). The "[[topology|second topography]]" divided the [[psyche]] into the three agencies of the [[ego]], the [[superego]] and the [[id]].  [[Lacan]] criticizes these models for not being [[topological]] enough. He argues that the diagram with which [[Freud]] had illustrated his second topology in ''[[The Ego and the Id]]'' (1923b) led the majority of [[Freud]]'s readers to forget the analysis on which it was based because of the intuitive power of the image.<ref>{{E}} p. 214</ref> [[Lacan]]'s interest in [[topology]] arises, then, because he sees it as providing a non-intuitive, purely intellectual means of expressing the concept of [[structure]] that is so important to his focus on the [[symbolic order]]. It is thus the task of [[Lacan]]'s topological models "to forbid imaginary capture."<ref>{{E}} p. 333</ref>
Unlike intuitive images, in which "perception eclipses structure", in [[Lacan]]'s [[topology]] "there is no occultation of the symbolic."<ref>{{E}} p. 333</ref>
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