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== Training Analysis ==
By the time [[Lacan]] began [[training]] as an [[analyst]], in the 1930s, it had become established [[practice]] in the [[[International Psychoanalytical Association]] ([[IPA]]) to make a distinction between "'''therapeutic analysis' ''" and "'''training analysis' ''" (this distinction is still maintaind maintained by the IPA today). In the context of this distinction, the term "'''therapeutic analysis' ''" refers to a course of analytic [[analytic treatment]] entered into by the [[analysand]] for the purpose of treating certain [[symptom]]s, whereas the term 'training analysis' refers exclusively to a course of analytic [[treatment]] entered into for the purpose of [[training]] as an [[analyst]].
According to the rules governing all the societies affiliated to the IPA, all members must first undergo a training analysis before being allowed to practice as [[analyst]]s.
However, an analysis is only recognized as a training analysis by these societies if it is conducted by one of the few senior analysts designated as a 'training analyst', and if it is embarked upon purely for the purpose of [[training]].
This institutional distinction between training analysis and therapeutic analysis became one of the main objects of Lacan's criticism.
While [[Lacan]] agrees with the IPA that it is absolutely necessary to undergo [[psychoanalysis|psychoanalytic]] [[treatment]] if one wants to become an [[analyst]], he firmly disagrees with the artificial distinction drawn between therapeutic analysis and training analysis.
For Lacan, there is only one form of the analytic process, irrespective of the reason for which the [[analysand]] embarks upon [[treatment]], and the culmination of that process is not the removal of [[symptom]]s but the passage from [[analysand]] to [[analyst]].
All analyses are thus capable of producing an [[analyst]], and all claims by institutions to say which analyses count as [[training]] and which do not are bogus, for "the authorisation of an analyst can only come from himself."<ref>1967. 14</ref>
[[Lacan]] therefore abolishes the distinction between therapeutic analysis and training analyss; all analyses are training analyses, at least potentially.
"there is only one kind of psychoanalysis, the training analysis."<ref>{{S11 }} p. 274</ref>
Today, many Lacanians have dispensed with both the term 'therapeutic analysis' and the term 'training analysis', preferring to use the term personal analysis (a term Lacan himself uses occasionally) to designate any course of analytic treatment.
The 'training of analysts' (Fr.''formation des analystes'') refers to the process by which people learn how to conduct [[psychoanalysis|psychoanalytic]] [[treatment]], i.e. how to be [[analyst]]s.
For [[Lacan]], this is not simply a process that [[analyst]]s go through at the beginning of their professional life, but an ongoing process.
There are two sources from which [[analyst]]s learn how to conduct [[psychoanalysis|psychoanalytic]] [[treatment]]: their own experience of [[treatment]] (first as [[patient]]s, then as [[analyst]]s), and the experience of others which is transmitted to them via [[psychoanalytic theory]].
[[Lacan]] insists that the most fundamental of these sources is the [[analyst]]'s own experience of [[psychoanalysis|psychoanalytic]] [[treatment]] as a [[patient]].
However, this does not excuse the [[analyst]] from having to learn a lot more besides.
[[Lacan]]'s syllabus for the training of [[analyst]]s is very extensive, and includes [[literature]], [[mathematics]] and [[history]].<ref>{{E }} p. 144-5</ref> The [[analyst]] must seek to become, as [[Freud]] was, "an encyclopedia of the arts and muses."<ref>{{E }} p. 169</ref>
This broad curriculum is evident in [[Lacan]]'s public [[seminar]] which is filled with incursions into [[philosophy]], [[topology]], [[logic]], [[literature]] and [[linguistics]] - all of which [[Lacan]] regards as essential to the [[training]] of [[analyst]]s.
It is worth noting that the English term '[[training]]' is nuanced rather differently to the French term ''formation''.
Whereas the English term carries connotations of a formal programme, or a bureaucratic [[structure]], the [[French]] term (especially in [[Lacan]]'s work) connotes a process which alters the [[subject]] in the very kernel of his [[being]], and which cannot be regulated by set ritualistic procedures not guaranteed by a printed qualification.
== See Also ==
{{See}}
* [[Analysand]]
* [[End of Analysis]]
* [[School]]
* [[Treatment]]
==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Terms]]
[[Category:Schools]]
[[Category:Practice]]
