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======Jacques Lacan============Translation======The English word "[[training]]" is used to translate two [[French]] [[terms ]] used by [[Lacan]]: ''[[training|analyse didactique]]'' ("'''[[training analysis]]'''") and ''[[training|formation]]'' ("'''professional training'''").

======Therapeutic Analysis======By the [[time ]] [[Lacan]] began [[training]] as an [[analyst]], in the 1930s, it had become established [[practice]] in the [[International Psychoanalytical Association]] ([[IPA]]) to make a [[distinction ]] between "'''therapeutic [[analysis]]'''" and "'''training analysis'''" (this distinction is still maintained by the [[IPA]] today).

In the context of this distinction, the term "'''therapeutic analysis'''" refers to a course of [[analytic treatment]] entered into by the [[analysand]] for the [[purpose ]] of treating certain [[symptom]]s, whereas the term "'''training analysis'''" refers exclusively to a course of [[analytic treatment]] entered into for the purpose of [[training]] as an [[analyst]].

However, an analysis is only recognized as a [[training analysis]] by these societies if it is conducted by one of the few senior [[analysts ]] designated as a "[[training|training analyst]]", and if it is embarked upon purely for the purpose of [[training]].

This institutional distinction between [[training|training analysis]] and [[training|therapeutic analysis]] became one of the main [[objects ]] of [[Lacan]]'s criticism.

For [[Lacan]], there is only one [[form ]] of the [[treatment|analytic process]], irrespective of the [[reason ]] for which the [[analysand]] embarks upon [[treatment]], and the culmination of that [[process ]] is not the removal of [[symptom]]s but the passage from [[analysand]] to [[analyst]].

All [[analyses ]] are thus capable of producing an [[analyst]], and all claims by institutions to say which analyses count as [[training]] and which do not are bogus, for "the authorisation of an analyst can only come from himself."<ref>{{L}} 1967. p. 14</ref>

<blockquote>"There is only one kind of [[psychoanalysis]], the training analysis."<ref>{{S11}} p. 274</ref></blockquote>

The "[[training|training of analysts]]" ([[French]]: ''[[training|formation des analystes]]'') refers to the process by which [[people ]] learn how to conduct [[psychoanalysis|psychoanalytic]] [[treatment]], i.e. how to be [[analyst]]s.

For [[Lacan]], this is not simply a process that [[analyst]]s go through at the beginning of their professional [[life]], but an ongoing process.

There are two sources from which [[analyst]]s learn how to conduct [[psychoanalysis|psychoanalytic]] [[treatment]]: their own [[experience ]] of [[treatment]] (first as [[patient]]s, then as [[analyst]]s), and the experience of [[others ]] which is transmitted to [[them ]] via [[psychoanalytic theory]].

The [[analyst]] must seek to become, as [[Freud]] was, "an encyclopedia of the [[arts ]] and muses."<ref>{{E}} p. 169</ref>

This broad curriculum is evident in [[Lacan]]'s [[public ]] [[seminar]] which is filled with incursions into [[philosophy]], [[topology]], [[logic]], [[literature]] and [[linguistics]] - all of which [[Lacan]] regards as essential to the [[training]] of [[analyst]]s.

It is worth noting that the [[English ]] term "[[training]]" is nuanced rather differently to the French term ''[[training|formation]]''.

Whereas the English term carries connotations of a [[formal ]] programme, or a bureaucratic [[structure]], the [[French]] term (especially in [[Lacan]]'s [[work]]) connotes a process which alters the [[subject]] in the very kernel of his [[being]], and which cannot be regulated by set ritualistic procedures not guaranteed by a printed qualification.