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=====Jacques Lacan==========Translation=====The English word '"[[training]]' " is used to translate two [[French]] [[terms ]] used byu by [[Lacan]]: ''[[training|analyse didactique ]]'' ("'''[[training analysis]]'''") and ''[[training|formation ]]'' ("'''professional training'''").

== Training ===Therapeutic Analysis =====By the [[time ]] [[Lacan]] began [[training]] as an [[analyst]], in the 1930s, it had become established [[practice]] in the [[[International Psychoanalytical Association]] ([[IPA]]) to make a [[distinction ]] between "'''therapeutic [[analysis]]' ''" and "'''training analysis' ''" (this distinction is still maintaind maintained by the [[IPA ]] today). In the context of this distinction, the term "'''therapeutic analysis' ''" refers to a course of analytic [[analytic treatment]] entered into by the [[analysand]] for the [[purpose ]] of treating certain [[symptom]]s, whereas the term "'''training analysis' ''" refers exclusively to a course of analytic [[analytic treatment]] entered into for the purpose of [[training]] as an [[analyst]]. =====Training Analysis=====According to the rules governing all the societies affiliated to the [[IPA]], all members must first undergo a [[training|training analysis ]] before being allowed to practice as [[analyst]]s. However, an analysis is only recognized as a [[training analysis ]] by these societies if it is conducted by one of the few senior [[analysts ]] designated as a '"[[training|training analyst']]", and if it is embarked upon purely for the purpose of [[training]]. This institutional distinction between [[training|training analysis ]] and [[training|therapeutic analysis ]] became one of the main [[objects ]] of [[Lacan]]'s criticism. =====Jacques Lacan=====While [[Lacan]] agrees with the [[IPA ]] that it is absolutely necessary to undergo [[psychoanalysis|psychoanalytic]] [[treatment]] if one wants to become an [[analyst]], he firmly disagrees with the artificial distinction drawn between [[training|therapeutic analysis ]] and [[training|training analysis]]. For [[Lacan]], there is only one [[form ]] of the [[treatment|analytic process]], irrespective of the [[reason ]] for which the [[analysand]] embarks upon [[treatment]], and the culmination of that [[process ]] is not the removal of [[symptom]]s but the passage from [[analysand]] to [[analyst]]. All [[analyses ]] are thus capable of producing an [[analyst]], and all claims by institutions to say which analyses count as [[training]] and which do not are bogus, for "the authorisation of an analyst can only come from himself."<ref>{{L}} 1967. p. 14</ref> [[Lacan]] therefore abolishes the distinction between [[training|therapeutic analysis ]] and [[training|training analyssanalysis]]; all analyses are [[training|training analyses]], at least potentially. <blockquote>"there There is only one kind of [[psychoanalysis]], the training analysis."<ref>{{S11 }} p. 274</ref></blockquote> Today, many Lacanians [[Lacan]]ians have dispensed with both the term '"[[training|therapeutic analysis' ]]" and the term '"[[training|training analysis'", preferring to use the term "[[training|personal analysis ]] (a term [[Lacan ]] himself uses occasionally) to designate any course of [[analytic treatment]]. =====Training of Analysts=====The "[[training|training of analysts]]" ([[French]]: ''[[training|formation des analystes]]'') refers to the process by which [[people]] learn how to conduct [[psychoanalysis|psychoanalytic]] [[treatment]], i.e. how to be [[analyst]]s. For [[Lacan]], this is not simply a process that [[analyst]]s go through at the beginning of their professional [[life]], but an ongoing process. There are two sources from which [[analyst]]s learn how to conduct [[psychoanalysis|psychoanalytic]] [[treatment]]: their own [[experience]] of [[treatment]] (first as [[patient]]s, then as [[analyst]]s), and the experience of [[others]] which is transmitted to [[them]] via [[psychoanalytic theory]].

 [[Lacan]]'s syllabus for the [[training|training of [[analyst]]s is very extensive, and includes [[literature]], [[mathematics]] and [[history]].<ref>{{E }} p. 144-5</ref> The [[analyst]] must seek to become, as [[Freud]] was, "an encyclopedia of the [[arts ]] and muses."<ref>{{E }} p. 169</ref> This broad curriculum is evident in [[Lacan]]'s [[public ]] [[seminar]] which is filled with incursions into [[philosophy]], [[topology]], [[logic]], [[literature]] and [[linguistics]] - all of which [[Lacan]] regards as essential to the [[training]] of [[analyst]]s. =====Translation=====It is worth noting that the [[English ]] term '"[[training]]' " is nuanced rather differently to the French term ''[[training|formation]]''. Whereas the English term carries connotations of a [[formal ]] programme, or a bureaucratic [[structure]], the [[French]] term (especially in [[Lacan]]'s [[work]]) connotes a process which alters the [[subject]] in the very kernel of his [[being]], and which cannot be regulated by set ritualistic procedures not guaranteed by a printed qualification.