==definition==
In [[psychoanalysis]], [[transference]] (''transfert'') refers to the [[process]] by which [[affect]] and [[desire]] originally associated with one person, such as a parent or sibling, are [[unconscious]]ly shifted to another person, especially to the [[analyst]].<ref>http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=transference</ref>
==Dictionary==
The actualization of unconscious wishes during psychoanalytic treatment.
Prototypes, memories and desires are transferred by projection onto the analyst, who is often identified with an important or significant figure fromt he patient's childhood.
The term is also used more generally to refer to all aspects of the patient's relationship with the analyst.
The analyst's unconscious reactions to the patient - and to the transference itself - are described as the 'counter-transference'.
Freud initially took the view that transference was a displacement of existing affects or emotional charges, and that it was a facsimile of old emotions or something to be analyzed like any other symptom.
The transference was an obstacle because it induced repetitions and blocked the emergence of new free associations.
In his account of the 'Dora' case, Freud concluded that his inability to complete the analysis was the result of his failure to analyze the transference.<ref>1905C</ref>
Later Freud still views trasnference as an obstacle to analysis but also accepts that without it the actualization of repressed emotions would be impossible.
Lacan initially refers to trasnference as a dialectic of identifications; in later formulations, it is said to be associated with the fantasy of the 'subject supposed to know."<ref>1951a, 1977</ref>
The possession of knowledge is, that is, ascribed by the analysand to an other who can understand his or her innermost thoughts.
According to Lacan, any pedagogic relationship is underpinned by a similar fantasy.
The term "[[transference]]" first emerged in [[Freud]]'s work as simply another term for the
==Transference and Freud==
Although Lacan does speak occasionally of [[countertransference]], he generally prefers not to use this term.
== def ==
The displacement of one's unresolved conflicts, dependencies, and aggressions onto a substitute object (e.g. substituting a lover, spouse, etc. for one's parent). This operation can also occur in the psychoanalytical cure, when a patient transfers onto the analyst feelings that were previously directed to another object. By working through this transference of feelings onto the analyst, the patient can come to grips with the actual cause of his or her feelings.
==def==
'''Transference''' is a phenomenon in [[psychology]] characterized by unconscious redirection of feelings of one person to another. For instance, one could mistrust somebody who resembles an ex-spouse in manners, voice or external appearance; or be overly compliant to someone who resembles a childhood friend.
In a therapy context, '''transference''' refers to redirection of a client's feelings from a significant person to a therapist. '''Counter-transference''' is defined as redirection of a therapist's feelings toward a client, or more generally as a therapist's emotional entanglement with a client.
Transference was first described by [[Sigmund Freud|Freud]], who acknowledged its importance for [[psychoanalysis]] for better understanding of the patient's feelings. Transference is often manifested as an erotic attraction towards a therapist. It's also common for people to transfer feelings from their parents to their partners (emotional incest) or to children (cross-generational entanglements).
Although transference is often characterized as a useful tool for building trust between a client and a therapist; transference can also interfere with a therapist’s ability to help a client. Some therapists become confused between clients and intimate partners.
In ''The Psychology of the Transference'', [[Carl Jung]] states that within the transference [[dyad]] both participants typically experience a variety of opposites, and that in [[love]] and in psychological growth, the key to success is the ability to endure the tension of the opposites without abandoning the process; and that in essence it is that tension that allows one to grow and to transform.<ref>[[Carl Jung|Jung, Carl C.]] ''The Psychology of the Transference'', Princeton University Press, ISBN 0-691-0175-22</ref>
Transference is common. Only in a personally or socially harmful context can transference be described as a pathological issue, however, there is an experimental new theory of tranference known as AMT (Abusive Multiple Tranference), put forth by [[David W. Bernstein]], in which the abuser not only transfers negative feelings directed towards their abuser to the victim, but also transfers the power and dominance of their own abuser to themselves. This is often the case with murderers, for example the serial killer [[Carroll Cole]]. While his father was away in [[WWII]], Cole's mother engaged in several extra-marital affairs, forcing Cole to watch, and later beat him to ensure that he would not alert his father. Cole would later come to murder many women whom he considered "loose", and those in general who reminded him of his mother. AMT also ties in very closely with Power/Control Killers, as the feeling and view of control is passed from one abuser to those proceeding him or her.
==See Also==
* [[Counter-transference]]
* [[Working-through]]
==References==
<references/>
# Freud, Sigmund. (1905e [1901]). Fragment of an analysis of a case of hysteria. SE, 7: 1-122.
# ——. (1910a [1909]). Five lectures on psycho-analysis. SE, 11: 5-55.
# ——. (1912b). The dynamics of transference. SE, 12: 97-108.
# ——. (1913c). On beginning the treatment (further recommendations on the technique of psycho-analysis I). SE, 12: 121-144.
# ——. (1914g). Remembering, repeating, and working-through (further recommendations on the technique of psycho-analysis II). SE, 12: 145-156.
# ——. (1915a). Observations on transference love (further recommendations on the technique of psycho-analysis III). SE, 12: 157-171.
# ——. (1916-1917a [1915-1917]). Introductory lectures on psycho-analysis. SE, 15-16.
# Freud, Sigmund, and Breuer, Josef. (1895d). Studies on hysteria. SE, 2: 48-106.
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