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=Freudian Dictionary=
<blockquote>In traumatic [[neurosis]] the [[active]] [[cause]] of [[illness]] is not the trifling [[bodily]] [[injury]] but the [[affect]] of fright-the [[psychic]] trauma. Similarly, our investigations of many, if not of the majority, of [[hysterical]] [[symptoms]] have revealed causes which must be described as psychic traumas.<ref>{{PMHP}} Ch. 1</ref></blockquote>
<blockquote>The impressions we experienced at an early age and forgot later, to which I have ascribed such great importance for the retiology of the [[neuroses]], are called traumata.<ref>{{M&M}} Part III, Section I</ref></blockquote>
===Trauma (psychic), Fixation to the===
<blockquote>Endeavors to revive the trauma, to [[remember]] the forgotten [[experience]] .... if it was an early [[affective]] [[relationship]] it is revived in an analogous connection with [[another]] person .... Thus a man who has spent his [[childhood]] in an excessive and since forgotten "[[mother]]-[[fixation]]," may all his [[life]] seek for a [[woman]] on whom he can be dependent, who will feed and keep him.<ref>{{M&M}} Part III, Section I</ref></blockquote>
===Trauma (psychic) and the Formation of Neurosis===
<blockquote>Our researches have shown that what we call the phenomena or symptoms of a neurosis are the consequences of certain experiences and impressions which, for this very [[reason]], we recognize to be retiological traumata. We [[wish]] to ascertain, even if only in a rough schematic way, the characteristics common to these experiences and to [[neurotic]] symptoms.
Let us first consider the former. All these traumata belong to early childhood, the period up to [[about]] five years. Impressions during the [[time]] when the [[child]] begins to [[speak]] are found to be especially interesting. The period between two and four years is the most important. How soon after [[birth]] this sensitiveness to traumata begins we are not able to [[state]] with any degree of [[certainty]].<ref>{{M&M}} Part III, Section I</ref></blockquote>
<blockquote>A trauma in childhood can be immediately followed by a neurosis during childhood; this constitutes an effort of [[defence]] accompanied by the [[formation]] of symptoms.<ref>{{M&M}} Part III, Section I</ref></blockquote>
<blockquote>It may remain an open question whether the retiology of the neurosis should in general be regarded as a traumatic one. The obvious objection is that a trauma is not always evident in the early [[history]] of the neurotic [[individual]]. Often we must be [[content]] to say that there is [[nothing]] else but an unusual reaction to experiences and [[demands]] that apply to all individuals; many [[people]] deal with [[them]] in another way which we may term normal. Where we can find no [[other]] ~xplanation than a hereditary and constitutional disposition, we are [[naturally]] tempted to say that the neurosis was not suddenly acquired, but slowly developed.<BR>
In this connection, however, two points stand out. The first is that the genesis of the neurosis always goes back to very early impressions in childhood. The second is this: it is correct to say that there are cases which we single out as "traumatic" ones because the effects unmistakably go back to one or more strong impressions of this early period. They failed to be disposed of normally, so that one feels inclined to say that if this or that had not happened, there would have been no neurosis. It would be sufficient for our purposes even if we had to [[limit]] the analogy in question to the traumatic cases. <ref>{{M&M}} Part III, Section I</ref></blockquote>
{{Freudian Dictionary}}
=Below=
{{Les termes}}
TRAUMA
PAGES 66, 83-4, 89, 93, 113
trauma, 55, 60, 64, 68-70, 129 [[Seminar XI]]
==See Also==
* [[Repetition]]
* [[Death Drive]]
* [[Real]]
