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Truth

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[[Truth (vÈritÈ) ]] is one of the most central, and yet most [[complex ]] [[terms ]] in [[Lacan]]'s [[discourse. A few basic points are clear and constant in Lacan's concept of truth; truth always refers to truth about desire, and the aim of psychoanalytic treatment is to lead the analysand to articulate this truth]].
Truth does not await, in some preformed state ==Psychoanalysis==The [[aim]] of fullness, to be revealed [[psychoanalytic]] [[treatment]] is to lead the [[analysand by ]] to articulate the analyst; on the contrary, it is gradually constructed in the dialectical movement [[truth]] of the treatment itselfhis or her [[desire]].<ref>Ec, 144</ref>
Lacan argues[[Truth]] does not await, in opposition some preformed [[state]] of fullness, to be revealed to the traditions of classical philosophy[[analysand]] by the [[analyst]], that truth but is not beautiful<ref>S7, 217</ref> and that it is not necessarily beneficial to learn rather constructed in the [[dialectic]]al movement of the truth[[treatment]] itself.<ref>Sl7, 122{{Ec}} p.144</ref>
While ==Philosophy==[[Lacan always speaks about 'truth' ]] argues, in opposition to the singulartraditions of classical [[philosophy]], this that [[truth]] is not a single universal beautiful<ref>{{S7}} p.217</ref> and that it is not necessarily beneficial to learn the [[truth, but an absolutely particular truth, unique to each subject]].<ref>see S7, 24{{S17}} p.122</ref>
[[Lacan]] speaks [[about]] "[[truth]]" in the [[singular]], not as a single [[universal]] [[truth]], but as [[particular]] [[truth]], unique to each [[subject]].<ref>{{S7}} p.24</ref>
However, beyond these few simple points, it ==Language==[[Truth]] is impossible to give only a univocal definition of the way Lacan uses meaningful [[concept]] in the term, since it functions in multiple contexts simultaneously, in opposition to a wide variety context of terrns. [[language]]:
All that will be attempted here, therefore, <blockquote>"It is a general indication with the appearance of some [[language]] that the [[dimension]] of the contexts in which it functions[[truth]] emerges."<ref>{{E}} p.172</ref></blockquote>
==Truth versus exactitude==Exactitude [[Psychoanalytic]] [[treatment]] is a question of 'introducing measurement into based on the real',<ref>E, 74</ref> and constitutes fundamental premise that [[speech]] is the aim only means of revealing the exact sciences[[truth]] about [[desire]].
<blockquote>"[[Truth, however, concerns desire, which is not a matter for ]] hollows its way into the exact sciences but for [[real]] thanks to the sciences dimension of subjectivity[[speech]]. There is neither [[true]] nor [[false]] prior to [[speech]]."<ref>{{S1}} p. 228</ref></blockquote>
Therefore truth is only a meaningful concept in the context of language: ==Science==From [[Lacan]]'It is with s earliest writings, the appearance of language that the dimension of term "[[truth]]" has metaphysical, even mystical, nuances which problematise any attempt to articulate [[truth emerges]] and [[science]].'<ref>E, 172</ref>
Psychoanalytic treatment It is based on not that [[Lacan]] denies that [[science]] aims to [[know]] the fundamental premise [[truth]], but simply that speech is the only means of revealing the [[science]] cannot [[claim]] to monopolise [[truth about desire]] as its exclusive property.<ref>{{Ec}} p. 79</ref>
'Truth hollows its way into the real thanks to [[Lacan]] later argues that [[science]] is in fact based on a [[foreclosure]] of the dimension concept of speech. There is neither true nor false prior to speech[[truth]] as [[cause]].'<ref>Sl, 228{{Ec}} p.874</ref>
The concept of [[truth]] is essential for [[understanding]] [[madness]], and modern [[science]] renders [[madness]] meaningless by ignoring the concept of [[truth]].<ref>{{Ec}} p.153-4</ref>
==Truth and Deception==[[ScienceTruth]] is intimately connected with [[deception]]==From Lacan's earliest writings, since lies can often reveal the term '[[truth' has metaphysical, even mystical, nuances which problematise any attempt to articulate truth and science]] about [[desire]] more eloquently than honest statements.
It is [[Deception]] and lies are not that Lacan denies that science aims to know the opposite of [[truth]]: on the contrary, but simply that science cannot claim to monopolise they are inscribed in the [[text]] of [[truth as its exclusive property]].<ref>Ec, 79</ref>
Lacan later argues that science The [[analyst]]'s [[role]] is to reveal the [[truth]] inscribed in fact based on a foreclosure the [[deception]] of the concept of truth as cause[[analysand]]'s [[speech]].<ref>Ec, 874</ref>
The concept of truth is essential for understanding madnessAlthough the [[analysand]] may in effect be saying to the [[analyst]] "I am deceiving you, and modern science renders madness meaningless by ignoring " the [[analyst]] says to the concept of truth.<ref>Ec, 153-4</ref>[[analysand]]:
==Truth<blockquote>"In this I am deceiving to you, lies and deception==Truth what you are sending as [[message]] is intimately connected with deceptionwhat I express to you, since lies can often reveal and in doing so you are telling the truth about desire more eloquently than honest statements. <ref>{{S11}} p.139-40; {{S4}} p.107-8)</ref></blockquote>
Deception and lies ==False Appearances==The false [[appearance]]s presented by the [[analysand]] are not merely obstacles that the [[analyst]] must expose and discard in [[order]] to discover the opposite of [[truth: ]]; on the contrary, they are inscribed in the text of truth[[analyst]] must take [[them]] into account (see [[semblance]]).
The analyst's role is to reveal ==Error and Mistakes==[[Psychoanalysis]] has shown that the [[truth inscribed in the deception of the analysand's speech]] about [[desire]] is often revealed by mistakes ([[parapraxes]]).
Although the analysand may in effect be saying to the analyst 'I am deceiving you'The complex relations between [[truth]], the analyst says to the analysand 'In this I am deceiving to youmistakes, what you error and [[deception]] are sending as message is what I express to you, and evoked by [[Lacan]] in doing so you are telling a typically elusive phrase when he describes "the [[structuration]] of speech in [[search]] of truth" as "error taking flight in deception and recaptured by mistake."<ref>(S11,139-40; see S4, 107-8){{S1}} p. 273</ref>
==Fiction==
[[Lacan]] does not use the term "[[fiction]]" in the [[sense]] of 'a falsehood', but in the sense of a [[scientific]] [[construct]].<ref>{{S7}} p.12</ref>
==Truth versus false appearances==The false appearances presented by the analysand are not merely obstacles that the analyst must expose Thus [[Lacan]]'s term "[[fiction]]" corresponds to [[Freud]]'s term ''Konvention'', convention,<ref>{{S11}} p.163</ref> and discard has more in order to discover the truth; on the contrary, the analyst must take them into account (see common with [[semblancetruth]])than falsehood.
==TruthIndeed, error and mistakes==Psychoanalysis has shown [[Lacan]] states that the [[truthabout desire ]] is often revealed by mistakes (parapraxes).<ref>see [[Actstructure]]</ref> The complex relations between truth, mistakes, error and deception are evoked by Lacan in d like a typically elusive phrase when he describes 'the structuration of speech in search of truth' as 'error taking flight in deception and recaptured by mistake[[fiction]].'<ref>Sl, 273{{E}} 306; {{Ec}} 808</ref>
==Truth and fictionThe Real==The opposition which [[Lacan does not use ]] draws between [[truth]] and the term 'fiction' in the sense of 'a falsehood', but in the sense of a scientific construct (Lacan takes [[real]] dates back to his cue here from Bentham).<ref>see S7pre-war writings, 12</ref> Thus Lacan's term 'fiction' corresponds to Freud's term Konvention, convention,<ref>see S11, 163{{Ec}} p.75</ref> and has more in common with truth than falsehood. Indeed, Lacan states that truth is structured like a fiction.<ref>E, 306taken up at various points; Ec, 808</ref>
==Truth and the real==The opposition which Lacan draws between truth and the real dates back to his pre-war writings,<ref>e.g. Ec, 75</refblockquote> and is taken up at various points; '"We are used to the real. The truth we [[repress]].'"<ref>{{E, }} p.169</ref>However, Lacan also points out that truth is similar to the real; it is impossible to articulate the whole truth, and '[p]recisely because of this impossibility, truth aspires to the real.'<ref>Lacan, 1973a: 83</refblockquote>
However, [[Lacan]] also points out that [[truth]] is similar to the [[real]]; it is [[impossible]] to articulate the [[whole]] [[truth]], and "[p]recisely because of this [[impossibility]], [[truth]] aspires to the real."<ref>{{TV}} p. 83</ref> ==See Also=={{See}}* [[Analysand]]* [[Analyst]]* [[Cause]]* [[Desire]]||* [[Dialectic]]* [[Philosophy]]* [[Science]]* [[Semblance]]||* [[Speech]]* [[Structure]]* [[Subject]]* [[Treatment]]{{Also}} == References ==<div style="font-size:11px" class="references-small">
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