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The names of the ''four'' [[discourse|positions]] are shown to the right.<ref>{{S20}} p. 21</ref>
=====Discourse of the Master=====
[[Image:MASTERDISCOURSE.jpg|thumb|right|[[Discourse]] of the [[Master]]]]
The [[discourse]] of the [[master]] is the basic [[discourse]] from which the other three [[discourse]]s are derived.
The dominant position is occupied by the [[master signifier]] ([[Image:SS1.gif]]), which represents the [[subject]] ('''S''') for another [[signifier]] or, more precisely, for all other [[signifiers]] ([[Image:SS2.gif]]); however, in this signifying operation there is always a [[surplus]], namely, ''[[objet petit a]]''.
The point is that all attempts at totalisation are doomed to failure.
The [[discourse]] of the [[master]] "masks the division of the subject."<ref>{{S17}} p. 118</ref>
The [[discourse]] also illustrates clearly the [[structure]] of the [[dialectic]] of the [[master]] and the [[slave]].
The [[master]] ([[Image:SS1.gif]]) is the [[discourse|agent]] who puts the [[slave]] ([[Image:SS2.gif]]) to work; the result of this work is a [[surplus]] (''[[objet (petit) a|a]]'') that the [[master]] attempts to appropriate.
=====Discourse of the University=====
[[Image:UNIVERSITYDISCOURSE.jpg|thumb|right|[[Discourse]] of the [[University]]]]
The [[discourse]] of the [[university]] is produced by a quarter turn of the [[discourse]] of the [[master]] (anticlockwise).
The dominant position is occupied by [[knowledge]] (''[[savoir]]'').
This illustrates the fact that behind all attempts to impart an apparently "neutral" [[knowledge]] to the [[other]] can always be located an attempt at [[master]]y ([[master]]y of [[knowledge]], and domination of the [[other]] to whom this [[knowledge]] is imparted).
The [[discourse]] of the [[university]] represents the hegemony of [[knowledge]], particularly visible in modernity in the form of the hegemony of [[science]].
=====Discourse of the Hysteric=====
[[Image:HYSTERICDISCOURSE.jpg|thumb|right|[[Discourse]] of the [[Hysteria|Hysteric]]]]
The [[discourse]] of the [[hysteric]] is also produced by a quarter turn of the [[discourse]] of the [[master]], but in a clockwise direction.
It is not simply "that which is uttered by a hysteric", but a certain kind of [[discourse|social bond]] in which any [[subject]] may be inscribed.
The dominant position is occupied by the [[split|divided]] [[subject]], the [[symptom]].
This [[discourse]] is that which points the way towards [[knowledge]].<ref>{{S17}} p. 23</ref>.
[[Psychoanalytic treatment]] involves "the structural intro- duction of the discourse of the hysteric by means of artificial conditions"; in other words, the [[analyst]] "[[hysteria|hystericises]]" the [[patient]]'s [[discourse]].<ref>{{S17}} p. 35</ref>
=====Discourse of the Analyst=====
[[Image:ANALYSTDISCOURSE.jpg|thumb|right|[[Discourse]] of the [[Analyst]]]]
The [[discourse]] of the [[analyst]] is produced by a quarter turn of the [[discourse]] of the [[hysteric]] (in the same way as [[Freud]] developed [[psychoanalysis]] by giving an [[interpretation|interpretative]] turn to the [[discourse]] of his [[hysterical]] [[patient]]s).
The position of the [[discourse|agent]], which is the position occupied by the [[analyst]] in the [[treatment]], is occupied by ''[[objet (petit) a|objet petit a]]''; this illustrates the fact that the [[analyst]] must, in the course of the [[treatment]], become the [[cause]] of the [[analysand]]'s [[desire]].<ref>{{S17}} p. 41</ref>
The fact that this [[discourse]] is the inverse of the [[discourse]] of the [[master]] emphasises that, for [[Lacan]], [[psychoanalysis]] is an essentially subversive practice which undermines all attempts at domination and [[master]]y.
==See Also==
{{See}}
* [[Algebra]]
* [[Analyst]]
* [[Communication]]
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* [[Hysteria]]
* [[Intersubjectivity]]
* [[Knowledge]]
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* [[Language]]
* [[Master]]
* [[Matheme]]
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* [[Science]]
* [[Speech]]
* [[Subject]]
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* [[Symbol]]
* [[Symptom]]
* [[Unconscious]]
{{Also}}
==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Psychoanalysis]]
[[Category:Jacques Lacan]]
[[Category:Language]]
[[Category:Symbolic]]
[[Category:Linguistics]]
[[Category:Dictionary]]
[[Category:Concepts]]
[[Category:Terms]]
{{OK}}
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