seminar (séminaire)
== History ==
In 1951, [[Lacan]] began to give private lectures in [[Sylvia Bataille]]'s apartment at 3 rue de Lille. The lectures were attended by a small group of trainee psychoanalysts, and were based on readings of some of [[Freud]]'s [[case histories]]: [[Dora]], the [[Rat Man]] and the [[Wolf Man]].
In 1953, the venue of these lectures moved to the [[Hôpital Sainte-Anne]], here a larger audience could be accommodated. Although Lacan sometimes refers to the private lectures of 1951-2 and 1952-3 as the first two years of his 'seminar', the term is now usually reserved for the public lectures which began in 1953.
From that point on until his death in 1953 to 1980, the Séminaire of the french psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan (1901-1981) is the laboratory, Lacan took a different theme each academic year and delivered a series of lectures on itthe work-in-progress for his « Return to Freud » project. These twenty-seven annual series of lectures are usually referred A return to collectively as 'the seminarreal meaning of Freud's discovery, in including the singularrecent contributions made by linguistics (Saussure, Jakobson) and structural anthropology (Lévi-Strauss), and then through formal logic and topology.
After ten years at the Hôpital Sainte-AnneLacan's Séminaire was a singular place and moment, almost weekly, every year from november to june. Without any connection with university, the seminar moved it was public and open to everyone. In the École Normale Supérieure in 1964beginning, Lacan reads through again and to comments on the Faculté de Droit works of Freud for a limited audience made of psychiatrists and psychoanalysts in 1973training. These changes Later, as Lacan's thought goes more and more original and as his exuberant personnality - His Style - makes him known beyond the strictly psychoanalytical circles, the Séminaire becomes a kind of venue were due place in vogue where you sometimes wanted to various reasonsbe seen. You could see lacanian analysts, not least some patients of which was these analysts, students, artists or intellectuals (for example, Philippe Sollers is known for frequenting the Séminaire in the need to accommodate 70's). At this time, Lacan often complains about the constantly growing size of his audience as the seminar gradually became a focal point in the Parisian intellectual resurgence of the 1950s and 1960s.
== Speech ==Given Lacan's insistence that speech is Initially started at the only medium of psychoanalysis Hôpital Sainte-Anne (EParis, 401953-1963), it is perhaps appropriate that the original means by which Lacan developed and expounded his ideas should have been Séminaire continues at the spoken word.Indeed, as one commentator has remarked; 'It must be recalled that virtually all of Lacan's "writings" Ecole Nationale Supérieure (…crits) were originally oral presentationsParis, that in many ways the open1964-ended Seminar was his preferred environment' (Macey, 1995: 771969).As Lacan's seminars became increasingly popular, demand grew for written transcripts of the seminar. However, apart from a few small articles that he wrote on with the basis help of some lectures delivered in the course of the seminar, Lacan never published any account of his own seminars. In 1956Louis Althusser and Claude Lévi-9 Strauss when Lacan authorised Jean-Bertrand Pontalis to publish a few summaries of sections of the seminar during those years, but this as not enough to satisfy is banned from the growing demand for written accounts of Lacan's teaching. Hence unauthorised transcripts of Lacan's seminar began increasingly to be circulated among his followers International Psychoanalytic Association in an almost clandestine way. In 1973, Lacan allowed 1963 (his sonSéminaire becomes unwelcome at Sainte-in-law, Jacques-Alain Miller, to publish an edited transcript of the lectures given in 1964, the eleventh year of the seminarAnne). Since then, Miller has continued to bring out edited versions of other years of the seminarFinally, although the number published is still fewer than half. Miller's role last Séminaires take place in editing and publishing the seminar has led to some very heated arguments, with opponents claiming he has distorted Lacan's original.However, as Miller himself has pointed out, the transition from an oral to a written medium, and the editing required by this, means that these published versions of the seminar could never be simple transcripts of the lectures given by Lacan Faculté de Droit Panthéon (see MillerParis, 1985). So far only nine of the yearly seminars have been published in book form, while authorised extracts from others have appeared in the journal Ornicar? Unauthorised transcripts of the unpublished years of the seminar continue to circulate today, both in France and abroad.The titles of each year (or each 'book'1969-1980) of the seminar, are listed on p. 177. The original French titles and publication details are listed in the bibliography at the end of this dictionary.
Every year, during the first session, Lacan announces a title, a theme. The early Séminaires are mostly centered on commenting the main classical psychoanalysis concepts (the Ego, the transference, the indentification, etc.). Later, themes and titles became more strictly lacanian (sometimes based on homophonies and puns) as the concepts and their models (logic or topologic) become really specific and personal.
Very few sessions were previously written up by Lacan, so a stenographer had to transcribe the whole sessions (http://www.ecole-lacanienne.net/bibliotheque.php?id=13). However, at the present time, only 12 Séminaires out of 27 have been published. The composition of a text from the stenographies (or even from the audio material) has always seemed to come up against the fundamentally oral nature of Lacan's teaching and his totally improvising style. The first official publications of the Séminaire started in the early 70's, but in such a slowly rate that many unofficial versions of unpublished Séminaires have immediatly spread into the psychoanalysts circles.
The first known private audio recordings of the Séminaire seems to date from 1969. Curiously, despite Lacan's famous verve or grandiloquence and his matchless improvising oral style, none of the 500 sessions has been cleanly and officially recorded (neither audio nor video).
== Definition ==
It dealt with the dissolution of his school,École freudienne de Paris (Freudian School of Paris).
== Definition ==
A [[seminar]] is a form of academic teaching, at a university or offered by a commercial or professional organization, in small groups where students are requested to actively participate during meetings.
This often has to be done by presenting a paper in class and also in written form. Normally, participants must not be beginners.
The idea behind [[[[seminar]]]]s is to confront students with the methodology of their chosen subject and also to familiarise them with practical problems that might crop up during their research work. Often a [[seminar]] will be open to discussion, where questions can be raised and debates conducted.
Another form of academic teaching is lecturing, a form which involves larger student groups with less active participation.
In some European universities a [[seminar]] can be a large lecture course, especially when conducted by a renowned thinker, regardless of the size of the audience or its participation in discussion.
