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'''Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein''' ({{IPA2|'luːtvɪç 'joːzɛf 'joːhan 'vɪtgənʃtaɪn}}) ([[April 26]], [[1889]] – [[April 29]], [[1951]]) was an [[Austria]]n [[philosopher]] who contributed several ground-breaking works to contemporary [[philosophy]], primarily on the foundations of [[logic]], the [[philosophy of mathematics]], the [[philosophy of language]], and the [[philosophy of mind]]. He is widely regarded as one of the most influential philosophers of the [[20th century]].<ref name="Time">Time 100. {{cite web | title=Time 100: Scientists and Thinkers | work=Time Magazine Online | url=http://www.time.com/time/time100/scientist/ | accessdate=April 29 | accessyear=2006}}</ref>
Although many of Wittgenstein's notebooks, papers, and lectures have been published since his death, he published only one philosophical book in his lifetime — the ''[[Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus]]'' in 1921. Wittgenstein's early work was deeply influenced by [[Arthur Schopenhauer]], and by the new systems of [[logic]] put forward by [[Bertrand Russell]] and [[Gottlob Frege]]. When the ''Tractatus'' was published, it was taken up as a major influence by the [[Vienna Circle]] positivists. However, Wittgenstein did not consider himself part of that school and alleged that [[logical positivism]] involved grave misunderstandings of the ''Tractatus''.
*{{imdb title|id=0108583|title=Wittgenstein}}
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