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{{SeminarsSeminarsNavBar|RightPrevLink=Seminar III|RightPrevText=Seminar III|RightNextLink=Seminar V|RightNextText=Seminar V}}
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| style="width:100px;text-align:left; line-height:2.0em; padding-left:10px;"| 1956 - 1957
| style="width:100px;text-align:left; line-height:2.0em; padding-left:10px;"|[[Seminar]] IV
| style="width:300px;text-align:left; line-height:2.0em; padding-left:10px;"| ''[[Seminar IV|La relation d'objet et les structures freudiennes]]''<BR><big>[[Seminar IV|The Object Relation]]</big>
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[[Image:Sem4.jpg|250px|right]]
[[Lacan]] confronts the [[theory]] of [[object]] relations defended by the <i>[[Société Psychanalytique de Paris]]</i>: [[Freud]] did not bother [[about]] the object, he cared about "the [[lack]] of the object." This lack has [[nothing]] to do with [[frustration]]. It is a matter of a [[renunciation]] that involves the law of the [[Father]]: "...between the [[mother]] and the [[child]], Freud introduced a [[third]] and [[imaginary]] term whose signifying [[role]] is a major one: the [[phallus]]." The study is based on the function of the object in [[phobia]] and in [[fetishism]] (Freud's <i>Little [[Hans]]</i>, <i>A Child is [[Being]] Beaten</i>). In his [[analysis]] of <i>[[Little Hans]]</i>, Lacan states that [[anxiety]] arises when the [[subject]] is poised between [[the imaginary]] preoedipical [[triangle]] and the Oedipical [[quaternary]]: Hans' [[real]] [[penis]] makes itself felt in [[infantile]] [[masturbation]]. Anxiety arises since he can now measure the [[difference]] between that for what he is loved (his [[position]] as [[imaginary phallus]]) and what he really has to give (his insignificant real [[organ]]). The subject would have been rescued from anxiety by the [[castrating]] [[intervention]] of the real father, but the father fails to [[separate]] the child from the mother and thus Hans develops a phobia as a [[substitute]] for this intervention. It is not Hans' [[separation]] from the mother which produces anxiety, but failure to separate from her. [[Castration]], far from being the main source of anxiety, is what actually saves the subject from it.<br>
| De Hans-le-fétiche à Léonard-en-miroir
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<!-- 1956-1957
<b>Le séminaire, Livre IV: La relation d'[[objet]] et les [[structures]] freudiennes.</b><br>
[[French]]: (texte établi par Jacques-[[Alain]] [[Miller]]), [[Paris]]: Seuil, 1994.<br>
[[English]]: unpublished. -->
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