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{| align="[[right]]" style="line-height:2.0em;text-align:justify;background-color:#fcfcfc;border:1px solid #aaa" | [[German]]: ''[[affirmation|Bejahung]]''|} ==Affirmation==In his "[[Reply to Jean Hyppolite's commentary on Freud's "Negation"]]" ([[{{Y}}|1954]]), [[Lacan]] describes a primordial [[act]] of [[Bejahung|affirmation]] which is logically prior to any [[act]] of [[negation]].<ref>{{L}} "[[Works of Jacques Lacan|Introduction aux commentaire de Jean Hyppolite sur la 'Verneinung' de Freud]]", in {{E}} [1954b] pp. 381-99.</ref> [[Lacan]] uses [[Freud]]'s [[German]] term, ''[[Bejahung]]'' to denote this primordial [[affirmation]].<ref>{{Ec}} p. 387</ref> ==Existence==Whereas [[negation]] concerns what [[Freud]] called the "judgement of [[existence]]," ''[[Bejahung]]'' denotes something more fundamental, namely the primordial [[act]] of [[symbolization]] itself, the inclusion of something in the [[symbolic|symbolic universe]]. Only after a [[thing]] has been [[symbolize]]d (at the level of ''[[Bejahung]]'') can the [[value]] of [[existence]] be attributed to it or not (''[[negation]]''). ==Foreclosure==[[Lacan]] posits a basic alternative between ''[[Bejahung]]'' and the [[psychosis|psychotic mechanism]] he later calls "[[foreclosure]]". ''[[Bejahung]]'' designates a primordial inclusion of something in the [[symbolic]], whereas [[foreclosure]] is a primordial [[refusal]] to include something -- the [[Name-of-the-Father]] -- in the [[symbolic]].<ref>{{S3}} p. 82</ref> ==See Also=={{See}}* [[Act]]* [[Existence]]||* [[Foreclosure]]* [[Negation]]||* [[Psychosis]]* [[Symbolic]]{{Also}} ==References==<div style="font-size:11px" class="references-small"><references/></div> [[Category:Psychoanalysis]][[Category:Jacques Lacan]][[Category:Symbolic]][[Category:Dictionary]][[Category:Concepts]][[Category:Terms]][[Category:Edit]]{{Les termesOK}} __NOTOC__
