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[[Lacan]]'s [[work ]] within the context of the [[development ]] of [[psychoanalysis ]] in France Psychoanalysis can be said to have begun with [[Freud]] and the publication in 1900 of The [[Interpretation]] of [[Dreams]] (see 1991a), and, shortly following this, with such [[texts]] as The [[Psychopathology]] of Everyday [[Life]] (1991b [1901]), [[Jokes]] and their Relation to the [[Unconscious]] and '[[Three]] Essays on the [[Theory]] of [[Sexuality]]' (both 1905; see 1991c and d). In the 1920s, as interest grew in the newly emerging [[discipline]] of psychoanalysis, it was received with widely differing views in different countries. Initially, in North America and [[Britain]] both the [[psychiatric]] and [[psychological]] professions warmly embraced what Freud reportedly called the 'modern plague'. Freud was also extremely influential within modernist [[literature]], and was promoted in [[particular]] by the novelist and critic Virginia Woolf (1882-1941) and the 'Bloomsbury Group', an [[intellectual]] circle in which Woolf figured large. In France, however, psychoanalysis was rejected on all fronts: [[scientific]], medical, [[religious]] and [[political]]. As one critic [[notes]], 'the [[French]] opposed psychoanalysis from so many directions that it is appropriate to [[speak]] of an “antipsychoanalytic” [[culture]]' (Turkle 1992:27). Indeed, even as late as the 1950s and early 1960s French [[psychiatry]] remained decidedly antipsychoanalytic. In response to such opposition, the French [[psychoanalytic]] establishment - under the guidance of the [[Marie Bonaparte]], an early disciple of Freud's and one of his closest associates - insisted that psychoanalysis was a [[science]] closely aligned to [[medicine]]. Bonaparte and her allies within the Société Psychanalytique de [[Paris]] (SPP) emphasized the [[biological]] and medical aspects of psychoanalysis and required anyone who wished to become an [[analyst]] to first undergo a medical [[training]].
[[Category:Jacques Lacan]]
[[Category:French]]
[[Category:Psychoanalysis]]
[[Category:Academia]]
