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[[Image:Sem11.jpg{{SeminarsNavBar|thumbRightPrevLink=Seminar X|right]]RightPrevText=Seminar X|RightNextLink=Seminar XII|RightNextText=Seminar XII}}

* {{L}} | align="center" style="width:600px; border:1px solid #aaa;text-align:left; line-height:2.0em; padding-left:10px;"|-| style="width:100px;text-align:left; line-height:2.0em; padding-left:10px;" | 1963 - 1964| style="width:100px;text-align:left; line-height:2.0em; padding-left:10px;" | [[Seminar XI]]| style="width:300px;text-align:left; line-height:2.0em; padding-left:10px;" | ''[[The Four Fundamental Concepts of Psycho-AnalysisSeminar XI|Les quatre concepts fondamentaux de la psychanalyse]]''. Ed. <BR><big>[[Alan SheridanSeminar XI|The Four Fundamental Concepts of Psychoanalysis]]. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1981.</big>|}

=====Description=====[[Image:Sem11.jpg|350px|right]]This classic text probes <BR>January 15 1964, marks the opening session of the [[seminars]] at the relationship between psychoanalysis École Nationale Supérieure where, in the presence of celebrities (Lévi-[[Strauss]], [[Althusser]], Fernand [[Braudel]]) and science a new younger audience, [[Lacan]] talks about the censorship of his [[teachings]] and religion his excommunication from official psychoanalytical circles. These political problems in Lacan's own life naturally raise theoretical problems around psychoanalytic legitimacy as well as defining such. He wants to train [[analysts]] – and simultaneously interrogate the unconsciousnature and possibility of psychoanalytic training – and, at the repetitionsame time, address the non-analyst by raising the transferencefollowing questions: Is psychoanalysis a [[science]]? If so, and under what [[conditions]]? If it is - the drive as "science of the underlying concepts [[unconscious]]" or a "conjectural science of psychothe [[subject]]" -analysis.what can it teach us about science?

=====Back Cover==Analysis, Science and Religion ===Dr Lacan’s writingsLacan is suspicious of the rapport between psychoanalysis, [[religion]] and especially the seminars for which he has become famous, science. Did they not have provoked intense controversies in French analytic circlesa founding father and quasi-secret texts? Throughout his career, requiring Lacan is adamant as they do a radical reappraisal to his fidelity to [[Sigmund Freud]], the founder of the legacy bequeathed by discipline of psychoanalysis. Freud. This volume is based on a year’s seminarwas "legitimately [[Subject supposed to know|the subject presumed to know]], which is of particular importance because he " at least as to the unconscious: "He was not only the subject who was addressing a largerpresumed to know, less specialist audience than ever before, amongst whom he could knew." "He gave us this knowledge in terms that may be said to be indestructible." "No progress has been made that has not assume familiarity deviated whenever one of the terms has been neglected around which Freud ordered the ways that he traced and the paths of the unconscious." This declaration of allegiance contrasts with his work. For his listeners thenLacan's critical study of Freud's [[dream]] about the dead son screaming "[[Father, and for his readers now, he wanted “to introduce a certain coherence into can't you see I'm burning?]]" The main problem remains that of transference: the [[Name-of-the major concepts on which psycho-analysis Father]] is based”a foundation, namely but the unconsciouslegacy of the Father is sin, repetition, the transference and the driveoriginal sin of psychoanalysis is Freud's [[desire]] that was not [[analyzed]].

In re-defining these four concepts he explores the question === The Concepts ===<br>What can be said for certain is that, as he puts it, moves from “Is psycho-analysis psychoanalysis constitutes a science?” to “What is a science that includes psycho[[discourse]] -analysis?” Dr although Lacan argues will only take this concept on fully in particular that there [[Seminar XVII]] and later [[Seminar XX]] – and a praxis, which is in some sense therapeutic. Praxis, which "places [[The Subject|the subject]] in a structural affinity between psycho-analysis[[position]] of dealing with the [[real]] through the [[symbolic]]," produces concepts; four are offered here, construed as in the science case of analytic praxis: [[Unconscious|the unconscious]], [[repetition]], [[transference]] and language – the science of linguistics being one of [[drive]]. Of the significant discoveries of our timefour concepts mentioned, three were developed in Lacan's usage between 1953 and 1963, although all four find their roots in Freud. He also discusses As to [[drives]], their importance for Lacan has increased since the relation study of psycho-analysis to religion, and reveals his particular stance on <i>[[Objet (petit) a|objet a wide range of topics]]</i> in <i>[[Seminar X|L'angoisse]]</i>, such as sexuality and death, love and libido, alienation, interpretation, repression Lacan has increasingly distinguished between the concepts of drive and desire.

This book constitutes ==== Unconscious ====In "La [[Lettre]] volée" (<i>Écrits</i>) Lacan states that "the essence unconscious is the [[discourse]] of the [[Other]]," [[meaning]] that "one should see in the unconscious the effects of Dr Lacan’s sensibility[[speech]] on the subject. There " The unconscious is no clearer statement the effect of the ideas [[signifier]] on the subject - the signifier is what gets [[repressed]] and issues which have aroused such passionate reactions what returns in Francethe [[formations]] of the unconscious. How then is it possible to reconcile desire linked to the signifier and to the Other with the [[libido]], now an organ under the shape of the "[[lamella]], and " the placenta, the part of the [[body]] from which can now gain the hearing they deserve subject must [[separate]] in the English-speaking world.order to [[exist]]?

==== Transference ====If transference is the enactment (<i>la mise en [[acte]]</i>) of the reality of the unconscious - what Lacan's [[deconstruction]] of the drive wants to bring to light - if desire is the nodal point where the motion of the unconscious, an untenable sexual reality, is also at [[Categorywork]], what is to be done? The analyst's [[role]] is to allow the drive "to be made [[present]] in the reality of the unconscious":Workshe must fall from the idealized position so as to become the upholder of <i>objet a</i>, the separating object. ==== Drive ====Lacan considers the drives as different from [[biological]] [[needs]] in that they can never be [[satisfied]] and in that they are fundamentally irreducible to any 'natural' function. The purpose of the drive is not to reach a [[goal]] (a final destination) but to follow its aim (the way itself), which is to circle round its object, the mysterious [[Objet (petit) a|objet a]]. The real source of <i>[[jouissance]]</i> is not the attainment of any satisfying goal but the [[repetitive]] movement of this closed circuit, as explicated through the [[Graph of desire|graphs of desire]]. In one of his key essays, "The Drives and their Vicissitudes" (1915, S.E XIV), Freud defined <i>[[Trieb]]</i> as a montage of four discontinuous elements <i>Drang</i>, thrust; <i>Quelle</i>, the source; <i>Objekt</i>, the object; <i>Ziel</i>, the aim. In all its components, the drive is thoroughly symbolically mediated, a product of the child's introduction to and [[castration]] by [[language]] and the [[Symbolic|symbolic order]], rather than of innate biological 'instincts'. Lacan says of these components: "Such a list may seem quite natural; my purpose is to prove that the text was written to show that it is not as natural as that." Lacan integrates the aforementioned elements into the drive's circuit, which originates in an [[erogenous zone]], circles the object and returns to the erogenous zone. This circuit is [[structured]] by the three [[grammatical]] voices:<br>1. the [[active]] (to see)<br>2. the reflexive (to see oneself)<br>3. the [[passive]] (to make oneself be seen).<br>The first two are autoerotic; only in the passive [[voice]] a new subject appears, "this subject, the [[other]], appears in so far as the drive has been able to show its circular course." The drive is always active, which is why he writes the [[third]] [[instance]] as "to make oneself be seen" instead of "to be seen."<br> Lacan rejects the [[notion]] that [[partial]] drives can attain any [[complete]] organization since the primacy of the [[genital]] zone is always precarious. The drives are partial, not in the [[sense]] that they are a part of a [[whole]] (a [[genital drive]]), but in that they only [[represent]] [[sexuality]] partially: they convey the [[dimension]] of <i>jouissance</i>. "The [[reality]] of the unconscious is [[sexual]] reality - an untenable truth," much as it cannot be separated from [[death]]. "<i>[[Objet a]]</i> is something from which the subject, in [[order]] to constitute itself, has separated itself off as [[organ]]. This serves as [[symbol]] of the [[lack]], of the [[phallus]], not as such, but in so far as it is [[lacking]]. It must be an object that is separable and that has some rapport to the lack. At the [[oral]] level, it is the [[nothing]]; at the [[anal]] level, it is the locus of the [[metaphor]] - one object for [[another]], give the [[feces]] in [[place]] of the phallus - the anal drive is the [[domain]] of the [[gift]]; at the [[scopic]] level, we are no longer at the level of [[demand]], but of [[desire,]] of the desire of the Other; it is the same at the level of the [[invocatory]] drive, which is the closest to the [[experience]] of the unconscious." The first two relate to demand, the second pair to desire. Under the [[form]] of <i>objet a</i>, Lacan groups all the partial drives linked to part [[objects]]: the [[breast]], feces, the [[penis]], and he adds the [[gaze]] and the voice. Here, he asserts the [[split]] between the eye and [[The Gaze|the gaze]] when he analyzes [[Holbein]]'s <i>[[The Ambassadors]]</i> as a "trap for the gaze" (<i>piège à regards</i>), but also as a <i>dompte-[[regard]]</i> (the gaze is tamed by an object) and a <i>trompe-l'oeil</i>. In the foreground, a [[floating]] object, a [[phallic]] [[ghost]] object gives presence to the - <font face="Symbol" size="3">F</font> of [[castration]]. This object is the heart of the organization of desire through the framework of the drives.<br> ==English=={| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"|Author(s)|Title|Publisher|Year|Pages|Language|Size|Extension| rowspan="1" |Mirrors|-|Jacques Lacan, Jacques-Alain Miller, Alan Sheridan|The Seminar of Jacques Lacan, Book 11<BR>The Four Fundamental Concepts of Psychoanalysis<BR><small>0393317757, 9780393317756</small>|W. W. Norton & Company|1998|290[306]|English|4 Mb|pdf|[http://library1.org/_ads/100CF53924CD63450D1069603E4DBA53 <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>], [http://libgen.io/get.php?md5=100CF53924CD63450D1069603E4DBA53 <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>], [http://b-ok.cc/md5/100CF53924CD63450D1069603E4DBA53 <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>], [http://libgen.me/item/detail/id/344555 <nowiki>[4]</nowiki>], [Categoryhttp://bookfi.net/md5/100CF53924CD63450D1069603E4DBA53 <nowiki>[5]</nowiki>]|-|Jacques Lacan|The Four Fundamental Concepts of Psycho-analysis<BR><small>9780140552171, 9780393317756, 0140552170, 0393317757</small>|Peregrine Books|1986|300|English|2 Mb|djvu|[http://library1.org/_ads/38B6F9AFCE914FADC58D3F6D1BE7A4A2 <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>], [http://libgen.io/get.php?md5=38B6F9AFCE914FADC58D3F6D1BE7A4A2 <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>], [http://b-ok.cc/md5/38B6F9AFCE914FADC58D3F6D1BE7A4A2 <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>], [http://libgen.me/item/detail/id/1263558 <nowiki>[4]</nowiki>], [http://bookfi.net/md5/38B6F9AFCE914FADC58D3F6D1BE7A4A2 <nowiki>[5]</nowiki>]|} ==Related=={| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"|Author(s)|Title|Publisher|Year|Pages|Language|Size|Extension| rowspan="1" |Mirrors|-|Richard Feldstein, Bruce Fink, Maire Jaanus (Eds.)|<small>SUNY Series in Psychoanalysis and Culture</small><BR>Reading Seminar XI: Lacan’s Four Fundamental Concepts of Psychoanalysis: The Paris Seminars in English <small>0791421473, 0791421481, 9780791421475, 9780585045405</small>|State University of New York Press|1995|192|English|992 Kb|chm|[http://library1.org/_ads/FA1B303D5422872B892B7B9DBE37C83F <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>], [Categoryhttp://libgen.io/get.php?md5=FA1B303D5422872B892B7B9DBE37C83F <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>], [http://b-ok.cc/md5/FA1B303D5422872B892B7B9DBE37C83F <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>], [http://libgen.me/item/detail/id/444132 <nowiki>[4]</nowiki>], [http://bookfi.net/md5/FA1B303D5422872B892B7B9DBE37C83F <nowiki>[5]</nowiki>]|-|Richard Feldstein, Bruce Fink, Maire Jaanus|<small>Suny Series in Psychoanalysis and Culture</small><BR>Reading Seminar XI: Lacan's Four Fundamental Concepts of Psychoanalysis :The Paris Seminars in English <small>0791421473, 0791421481</small>|State Univ of New York Press|1995|322|English|3 Mb|pdf|[http://library1.org/_ads/D8F4C8200841170E68A706B384D15987 <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>], [http://libgen.io/get.php?md5=D8F4C8200841170E68A706B384D15987 <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>], [http://b-ok.cc/md5/D8F4C8200841170E68A706B384D15987 <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>], [http://libgen.me/item/detail/id/801726 <nowiki>[4]</nowiki>], [http://bookfi.net/md5/D8F4C8200841170E68A706B384D15987 <nowiki>[5]</nowiki>]|-|Roberto Harari|Lacan's Four Fundamental Concepts of PsychoPsychoanalysis<BR><small>1590510828</small>|Other Press|2004|300|English|3 Mb|djvu|[http://library1.org/_ads/53F2226050A93744318887FBD777305C <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>], [http://libgen.io/get.php?md5=53F2226050A93744318887FBD777305C <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>], [http://b-ok.cc/md5/53F2226050A93744318887FBD777305C <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>], [http://libgen.me/item/detail/id/1323213 <nowiki>[4]</nowiki>], [http://bookfi.net/md5/53F2226050A93744318887FBD777305C <nowiki>[5]</nowiki>]|} ==French=={| class="wikitable floatright" width="250px" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="4" bgcolor="#ffffff" style="float:right;margin-left:10px;line-height:2.0em; 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__NOAUTOLINKS__ __NOTOC__[[Category:Seminars]] [[Category:Jacques Lacan]]<!--<b>Le séminaire, Livre XI: Les quatre [[concepts]] fondamentaux de la [[psychanalyse]].</b><br>[[French]]: (texte établi par Jacques-[[Alain]] [[Miller]]), [[Paris]]: Seuil, 1973.<br>[[English]]: <b>Book XI: The Four Fundamental Concepts of [[Psychoanalysis]]</b> (edited by [[Jacques-Alain Miller]]), New York: Norton, 1978.-->