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...[[word]] as a substantive, and it rapidly becomes the cornerstone of his [[theory]]: the [[subject]]'s [[relationship]] with the [[symbolic]] is the heart of ...nd perpetuation of social [[stability]]. The application of [[Saussure]]'s theory of the [[sign]] allows these structures and exchanges to be [[analyzed]] as

...r wild [[instinct]]ual forces of [[nature]], but must be conceived of in [[linguistic]] [[terms]]:

...om [[Lacan]] calls [[Aimée]] that first led [[Lacan]] to [[psychoanalytic theory]].<ref>{{1932}}</ref> It is common to compare [[Lacan]]'s tortured and at ...arguing that while [[psychosis]] is of great interest for [[psychoanalytic theory]], it is [[outside]] the field of the classical method of [[psychoanalytic

...to his [[theory]] of [[human]] [[sexuality]]; it lies at the heart of his theory of [[sexuality]]. Whereas [[instinct]] denotes a [[mythical]] [[linguistic|pre-linguistic]] [[need]], the [[drive]] is completely removed from the realm of [[biology

...time do not contain any references to a specific [[linguistics|linguistic theory]], and instead are dominated by [[philosophy|philosophical allusions]], mai [[Lacan]] takes up [[Saussure]]'s [[theory]] that [[language]] is a [[structure]] composed of differential elements, b

...[human]] primitive [[self-knowledge]] while the [[Symbolic]], his term for linguistic collaboration, generates a [[community]]-wide [[reflection]] of [[primitive

In [[linguistics|linguistic theory]] in [[Europe]], one important distinction is that between the [[enunciatio

...d]] in his [[topology|topographical model]] of the [[psyche]], his first [[theory]] of [[psyche|mental]] [[structure]]. ...]'s second [[model]] of the [[mind]] or [[psyche]] -- the "'''[[Structural theory]]'''" -- consisted of three "'''[[agencies]]'''":

...uss]], who used the [[structure|structural phonemic model]] to analyze non-linguistic [[cultural]] data such as [[anthropology|kinship relations]] and [[myth]]. ...cept of [[structure]] to [[mathematics]], principally to [[mathematics|set theory]] and [[topology]].

...coincidentia oppositorum'' -- bringing together [[mathematics|mathematical theory]] and the intricate weave of the [[James Joyce|Joycean]] [[text]] -- [[Laca ...cal transformation of Lacan's [[thought]] implicit in his shift from the [[linguistic]] definition of the [[symptom]] - as a [[signifier]] - to his [[statement]]

...is what lies behind [[Lacan]]'s attempts to [[formalize]] [[psychoanalytic theory]] in [[terms]] of various [[mathematical]] [[algebra|formulae]]. ...from the "[[science]]s of subjectivity," and by aligning [[psychoanalytic theory]] with these rather than with the [[science|natural sciences]].

...y [[human]].<ref>Although at one point [[Lacan]] does [[state]] that the [[theory]] of the [[ego]] and of [[narcissism]] 'extend' modern ethological research ...ic]] phenomena. Only [[psychoanalysis]], which uncovers the [[linguistics|linguistic basis]] of [[human]] [[subjectivity]], is adequate to explain those psychic

...hat in his thesis he was against "[[mental automatism]]," Clérambault's [[theory]]. ...rnational [[Psychoanalytic]] Association (IPA) on the [[mirror]]-[[stage]] theory which remains unpublished (the version included in ''Escits'' dates from 19

...start from the same point, semiotics [[links]] [[linguistic]] facts to non-linguistic facts to give a broader [[empirical]] coverage and to offer conclusions tha ...le semiotics is closer to some of the [[humanities]] (including [[literary theory]] and [[cultural anthropology]]).

...[[language]] in [[terms]] derived from a specific [[linguistics|linguistic theory]], and not until 1957 that he begins to engage with [[linguistics]] in any ...un to apply the methods of [[structure|structural]] [[linguistics]] to non-linguistic [[cultural]] data ([[myth]], kinship relations, etc.), thus giving brith to

...y]], although there are also incursions into set [[theory]] and [[number]] theory.<ref>{{E}} pp. 316-18</ref> ...[[psychoanalytic theory]], in keeping with his view that [[psychoanalytic theory]] should aspire to the [[formalization]] proper to [[science]].

...as been some overlap between these disciplines. This has led to "critical theory" becoming an umbrella term for an array of theories within the academic [[w ==Critical theory (social theory)==

...[[French]] [[literary critic]], [[literary theory|literary]] and [[social theory|social theorist]], [[philosopher]], and [[Semiotics|semiotician]]. ...his works were discursive to traditional academic views of [[literary]] [[theory]] and specific, renowned [[figures]] of [[literature]]. His unorthodox [[t

...omous]] from bodies yet territorializes [[them]] resembles Lacan’s own [[theory]] of the [[Gaze]]. Subjects erroneously assume that they possess it, but it [[Category:Postmodern theory|Deleuze, Gilles]]

...artifice, and that an irreducible gap remains between [[event]] and its [[linguistic]] description (Derrida 1976: 158), it was too quickly concluded that Derrid [[Category:Postmodern theory|Derrida, Jacques]]

of [[choice]] and [[individual]] [[responsibility]]. But as a [[theory]] of the self ...Lacan’s theory offered a way of [[thinking]] about the social and the [[linguistic]] [[construction]] of the self, of thinking through the problem of the indi

...e contrary, the reference to Hegel enable us to discern a flaw in Laclau's theory itself? The philosophical/notional limitation of Laclau's couple of two log ...is why the standard deconstructionist criticism according to which Lacan's theory of sexual difference falls into the trap of "binary logic" totally misses t

...r [[repression|repressed]]. [[Freud]] further develops this idea in his [[theory]] of an unconscious [[sense]] of [[guilt]] and in his [[concept]] of the su ...ond-of-the-signified." Thing-presentations found in the unconscious are of linguistic nature, as opposed to ''[[das Ding]]'', which is outside language and outsi

...itly on [[Freudian]] discoveries, which were used to develop an original [[theory]] of language and [[creativity]]. In later years it adopted [[Hegelian]] di ...étiques</i>, which analyzed the creative process and made use of Freudian theory. A number of [[psychoanalysts]] (André Berge, Jean-Bertrand Pontalis, Guy

...is, originate in a natural [[state]] of completion as there is no extra-[[linguistic]] point of origin, but merely the 'originary lack'. [[Category:Postmodern theory]]

[[Freud]]'s argument is underpinned by the philological [[theory]] that certain [[primal]] [[words]] have antithetical [[meanings]] and by t [[Freud]] develops this [[concept]] with references to etymology and [[linguistic]] variants, and observations or [[fantasies]] that appear in novels.

Upon discovering the unconscious, Freud came to question this nominalist [[theory]] of [[knowledge]], inherited from John Stuart Mill, and embraced the [[ide ...signified relationship, thus introducing a factor ultimately against the [[linguistic]] system itself. When a similarity between [[signifiers]] serves to justify

In [[psychoanalytic theory]], the '''[[unconscious]]''' refers to that part of [[mental]] functioning ...eed considered by Freud throughout the evolution of his [[psychoanalytic]] theory a [[sentient]] force of [[will]] influenced by [[human]] [[drive (psychoana

...Theory of Symbolism" (1916), seeks moreover to reinforce the [[Freudian]] theory of "symbolic dream-interpretation"; for Jones all [[true]] symbolism is the ...s. To back up his theory Freud adopted the [[linguist]] [[Hans]] Sperber's theory of a [[primitive]] [[language]] [[[langue]]] parallel to the primitive lang

...es, which Chomsky wanted to give in later publications to its [[language]] theory. Although it holds to the [[formal]] framework, which Chomskys Generative g * Introduction to a science of the language, the Threshold, collection “[[linguistic]] Work”, 1989

...ich are deceptive, is structured by the symbolic order. It also involves a linguistic dimension: whereas the signifier is the foundation of the symbolic, the "si Although an essentially linguistic dimension, Lacan does not simply equate the symbolic with language, since t

...quitous expressions of the [[dynamic]] unconscious [[mind]]. In ordinary [[linguistic]] usage, a flag may [[represent]] a country, and a cross may represent a [[ ...arable to an ancient language, symbolism may be adaptively appropriated in linguistic communication [[inside]] and [[outside]] psychoanalysis (Blum, 1995).

...e of the topics I will discuss include: Lacan's emendation of Saussure's [[theory]], the importance of [[metaphor]] and [[metonymy]], the [[relationship]] be ...ises the claims of structuralism to produce an [[objective]] decoding of [[linguistic]] messages. For Lacan, meaning cannot be objectified; , rather, it is chara

...nsidered the subject, it is "simply the pure subject of modern [[games]] [[theory]]" (1977, p. 304/ 806). Lacan adds that this Other as "locus of Speech, imp ...focuses directly on the signifier of the Other-as-Iacking. Taking it in [[linguistic]] terms, he tells us: "My definition of a signifier (there is no other) is

...psychoanalysis, [[philosophy]], [[sociology]], critical and [[literary]] [[theory]]. * 2. Lacan the Linguistic Charlatan

...nce of the [[castration]] [[complex]] for traditional [[psychoanalytic]] [[theory]], both in [[terms]] of eventual~ tom [[formation]] and in terms of the unc ...by a Kleinian perspective. Lacan's whole critique of [[object relations]] theory as developed by [[Melanie Klein]] is implicit here and must be [[left]] for

[[Linguistic]](s), 7, 8, 10-12, 16, 23, 40, 80, 101, 111, 119, 127, 138, 139, 141,161,16 ...69,248,418 Reconciliation, 173, 181,217,251-253 Redundancy (in information theory), 104, 154

It argues that reality is a [[linguistic]] [[text]], and that, as language is also unstable and subject to a constan Žižek's point of reference for this [[theory]] of the genealogy of the subject is the work of the [[German]] philosopher

...2) was more an application of [[Freudian]] [[theory]] than a [[form]] of [[linguistic]] research.Émile Benveniste's rebuttal of Carl Abel's claims [[about]] the ...ionship]] is reversed and hierarchized in Lacan (S/s) with an extreme (non-linguistic) expansion of the signifier.

Upon discovering the unconscious, Freud came to question this nominalist [[theory]] of [[knowledge]], inherited from John Stuart Mill, and embraced the [[ide ...signified relationship, thus introducing a factor ultimately against the [[linguistic]] system itself. When a similarity between [[signifiers]] serves to justify

...2) was more an application of [[Freudian]] [[theory]] than a [[form]] of [[linguistic]] research.Émile Benveniste's rebuttal of Carl Abel's claims [[about]] the ...ionship]] is reversed and hierarchized in Lacan (S/s) with an extreme (non-linguistic) expansion of the signifier.

...impact of these primitive states on [[transference]]. Melanie [[Klein]]'s theory carried on Freud's shift in the emphasis from the father to the mother and ...the numerous writings, from those who accept basic tenets of [[Freudian]] theory to those who, like [[Julia Kristeva]], Helene Cixous, Michele Montrelay, Sa

This play of opposites is found in certain linguistic expressions that, according to context, can take on opposite meanings: Thus ...of opposites" frequently found in Freud's work, culminating in his second theory of the instincts with the oppositional pair Eros/the death instinct.

...heless, according to Aulagnier, this libidinal meaning traces an access to linguistic signification "by leading the psyche to accept that this meaning [[exists]]

...the term, it is necessary to [[place]] Lévi-Strauss's [[structuralist]] [[theory]] of the study of myth within the context of the late 19th-century and 20th

...ery page of Freud's [[work]]; all the time he gives references, analogies, linguistic parallels. And then, in the end, in psychoanalysis, you only ask one thing ...out it. Indeed, the child will have a much harder time entering into this linguistic discourse that we have submerged him into, than to learn to avoid the hot p

...ychoanalysis]] is the [[name]] given to the [[school]] of [[psychoanalytic theory]] that has grown up around the pioneering [[work]] of the Austrian [[psycho ...is]] first began to emerge as a distinctive [[school]] of [[psychoanalytic theory]] during the 1940s in opposition to the group which gathered around [[Anna

...70-1]] [[Jacques Lacan]] attempts to [[formalize]] his [[sexual difference|theory of sexual difference]] by means of [[mathemes|formulae]] derived from [[sym ...completely subordinated to the law of language (as is argued by reigning [[linguistic]] constructivists) and [[claim]] that this order is not-all.

...elds as diverse a [[film]] studies, [[literary]] criticism, [[feminist]] [[theory]] and [[philosophy]]. Lacan's writings are [[notorious]] for their complexi ...guage]]. Such an impression is, however, misleading. Each [[psychoanalytic theory]] articulates these terms in a unique way, as well as introducing new terms

...ost important early essay to incorporate Lacanian psychoanalysis into film theory was Jean-Louis Baudry's 'Ideological Effects of the Basic Cinematographic A ...[[exists]] between the spectator and image on the screen that apparatus [[theory]] draws most heavily on psychoanalytic ideas. Baudry describes film spectat

...s]], it was one that remained recognizably within the limits of accepted [[theory]] and [[practice]]. It was almost 15 years before a distinctively [[Lacania ...] he made radical and farreaching changes to Saussure's [[concept]] of the linguistic [[sign]], completely reversing any conventional understanding of the [[rela

[[Category:Linguistic theory]]

...dencies within [[sociology]] and [[philosophy]], ranging from [[Marx]]'s [[theory]] of [[commodity fetishism]] to [[Barthes]] of ''[[Mythologies]]'' (1957) a ...signification]] which can be compared to the [[sign]]s of [[Saussure]]'s [[linguistic]] system.

...light of his second [[topography]] ([[structural]] theory) and his second theory of the [[instincts]], in Inhibitions, Symptoms and [[Anxiety]] (1926d). ...ptoms from the standpoint of "[[semiology]]" in both the medical and the [[linguistic]] senses of the term (a fact pointed up notably by Jacques [[Lacan]], whose

...y Ernest Jones (1879–1958). Jones was the author of almost 200 essays in theory and applied psychoanalysis, including articles on dreams, literature, relig ...commonly symbolized concepts (102–3). He is especially attentive to the linguistic, etymological origins of symbols. (jacques lacan, in his insistence on the

...rocessing; pragmatics and [[discourse]] [[analysis]], studies (inspired by linguistic [[philosophy]]) of [[speech]] [[acts]], speech genres, and [[text]] structu ...us many literary terms and models derive from varieties of linguistics and linguistic philosophy.

Anthropological [[Theory]] and Criticism ...d early 1960s, however, New Criticism faced a formidable challenge in myth theory and criticism. What John Vickery in 1966 called "the critical shift in the

...ted that some [[surrealist]] [[texts]] prefigure aspects of [[Lacanian]] [[theory]]. Indeed, it could be argued that the surrealists were the first to realis

...on [[Lacan]]'s main interests and the way he has refashioned [[Freudian]] theory. ...not available to Freud. Lacan has made [[people]] aware of language in the theory and practice of psychoanalysis.

...t essentially it was Freud's successors who developed a [[psychoanalytic]] theory of the psychoses.

However Freud never really formulated a [[theory]] of the letter. Jacques [[Lacan]] in 1954-1957 (1966) provided a [[theoret ...ire]] and the automatism of repetition. To explain these functions a few [[linguistic]] [[concepts]] are necessary.

...y]] of [[seduction]] in the years 1895-1897, and then he abandoned it. The theory accounted for the genesis of the psychopathological [[unconscious]] on the ...ations to include primacy of the [[other]]'s enigmatic [[message]] and the theory of [[repression]] as a [[partial]] failure to translate this message.

...ry]], such as Freud was [[good]] at producing, of the [[psychoanalytic]] [[theory]] of [[parapraxes]], [[dreams]] and their [[interpretation]], and of the ho ...6) and the study of [[dream]] [[symbols]] evokes "the earliest phases of [[linguistic]] [[development]] and [[conceptual]] [[construction]]" (p. 176). "The langu

...f being (the endlessly differentiatied reality) and different worlds – [[linguistic]] universes - within which individuals and communities [[experience]] this ...ing for the moment when radical change will explode like what the system [[theory]] calls “emergent property”; it is also the patience of losing the batt

...hat in his thesis he was against "[[mental automatism]]," Clérambault's [[theory]]. ...ional [[Psychoanalytic]] [[Association]] (IPA) on the [[mirror]]-[[stage]] theory which remains unpublished (the version included in ''Escits'' dates from 19

...s]], it was one that remained recognizably within the limits of accepted [[theory]] and [[practice]]. It was almost 15 years before a distinctively [[Lacania ...] he made radical and farreaching changes to Saussure's [[concept]] of the linguistic [[sign]], completely reversing any conventional understanding of the [[rela

=====Theory of the Mirror Phase===== [[Lacan]]'s answer is in the [[theory]] of the [[mirror phase]]. He draws our attention, in later texts, to an [[

...[[mechanism]] of repression and the [[return]] of the [[repressed]] are [[linguistic]] in [[nature]]. That the unconscious is [[structured]] like a [[language]] ...] part of it. It is this [[exclusion]] or [[foreclosure]] of a fundamental linguistic element, a key signifier, at the [[moment]] of the genesis of the symbolic

...ze and Guattari, especially to Thousand Plateaux, using it as "operational theory" - the catchwords used are "Formless Rival Entities", "Fractal Manoeuvre", ...ity of being (the endlessly differentiated reality) and different worlds - linguistic universes - within which individuals and communities experience this realit

...cisely the [[dimension]] of the [[drive]]. Unlike much [[philosophical]] [[theory]] on [[ethical]] [[formation]] and language acquisition, Žižek finds one ...mestication itself. Much of the contemporary philosophy of formation and [[linguistic]] normativity (virtue [[ethics]], [[Hegelian]] [[pragmatism]], etc.) theref

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...e necessary theoretical grounding for the clinical application of Lacanian theory. This book presents the radically new [[theory]] of [[subjectivity]] found in the [[work]] of Jacques [[Lacan]]. Against t

...ck Existentialism, ''Lewis R. Gordon''<br /> 9. Ferdinand de Saussure and Linguistic Structuralism, ''Thomas F. Broden''<br /> 10. Claude Lévi-Strauss, ''Bri ...'Sara Heinämaa''<br /> 16. Deconstruction and the Yale School of Literary Theory, ''Jeffrey T. Nealon''<br /> 17. Rorty Among the Continentals, ''David R.

...a new linguistic science that includes the invention of semiology, or the theory of the “signifier,”<span class="toShow"> the “signified,” and the ...re clearly and accessibly, allowing readers to experience his shift of the theory of reference from mimesis to performance and his expansion of poetics to in

...ry thought: the anthropological opposition between nature and culture; the linguistic opposition between speech and language; the birth of the subject and the ap

...hich not only the gap between singular languages, but the very gap between linguistic meaning and jouissance seems overcome and the rhizome-like jouis-sense (enj ...postmodern deconstructionist to show the violent streak even in Habermas's theory of communicative action which stresses the symmetry of the partners in a di

...sure of itself, sure that it cannot be mad. This change concerns not only theory, but social practice itself: from the Classical Age on, madmen were interne ...he positivization of this suspicion in another global all-explanatory para-theory.

...ernal material apparatuses and practices that sustain that experience. The theory distinguishes two levels of the ideological process: external (following th ...y assume my knowledge. It is this ''immanent'' gap that eludes Althusser's theory of the Ideological State Apparatuses (ISAs). According to Althusser, what d

...lian Cunning of Reason in its standard sense. In his early, Maoist-phase ''Theory of Contradiction'', Badiou wrote: "To the nothing-new-under-the-sun, the th ...t to its subjective conditions of possibility. Even the philosophy of the "linguistic turn" remains at this transcendental level, addressing the transcendental d

...cannot see how human subjectivity is always embedded in an intersubjective linguistic context. ...ychoanalysis|"The Seminar of Jacques Lacan'', book 2: ''The Ego in Freud's Theory and in the Technique of Psychoanalysis 1954–1955"], trans. Sylvana Tomase

...autiful arises—the reading proposed by Theodor Adorno in his ''Aesthetic Theory: ''"If there is any causal connection at all between the beautiful and the ...t also at the level of form (fragmented syntax) and others, as if some pre-linguistic rhythm—"the 'entirely other' of signifiance"—is invading and underminin