24,656
edits
Changes
no edit summary
"[[linguistics]]" ([[Fr]]. ''[[linguistique]]'')
References to the work of other influential linguistics... are almost completely absent from [[Lacan]]'s work.
There is a corresponding focus on the [[sign]], rhetorical tropes, and phoneme analysis, at the espense of an almost complete neglect of other areas of [[lingusiticslinguistics]] such as syntax, semantics, pragmatics, sociolinguistics and language acquisition.
-----
[[Saussure]] was the founder of 'structural lingusitics.'
In contrast to the study of language in the nineteenth century, which had been exclusively ''diachronic'' (i.e. focusing exclusively on the ways that languages change over time), [[Saussure]] argued that linguists should also be ''synchronic'' (i.e. focus on the state of a language at a given point in time).
This led him to deelop his famous distinction between ''langue'' and ''aprole'', and his concept of the [[sign]] as composed of two elements: [[signifier]] and [[signified]].
All these ideas are developed in [[Saussure]]'s most famous work, the ''Course in General Linguistics," which was constructed by his students from notes they had taken at [[Saussure]]'s lectures at the Unviersity of Geneva and published three years after his death.<ref>Saussure. 1916</ref>
[[Jakobson]] further developed the line laid down by [[Saussure]], pioneering the development of phonology, as well as making important contributions to the fields of grammatical semantics, pragmatics and poetics.
--
From Saussure, Lacan borrows the concepts of language as a structure, although whereas Saussure had conceived it as a sytem of signs, Lacan conceives it as a system of signifiers.
From Jakobson, Lacan borrows the cocnepts of [[metaphor]] and [[metonymy] as the two axes (synchronic and diachronic) along hwich all lingusitic phenomena are aligne,d using these terms to understand [[Freud]]'s concepts of [[condensation]] and [[displacement]].
Other concepts which [[Lacan]] takes from [[linguistics]] are those of the [[shifter]], and the distinciton ebtwen the [[statement]] and the [[enunciation]].
----
In his borrowing of linguistic concepts, [[Lacan]] has been accused of grossly distorting them.
[[lacan]] responds to such criticisms by arguing that he is not doing [[linguistics]] but [[psychoanalysis]], and this requires a certain modification of the concepts borrowed from [[linguistics]].
In the end, [[Lacan]] is not really interested in linguistic theory in itself, but only in the ways it can be used to develop [[psychoanalytic theory]].<ref>Lacan. 1970-1. seminar of 27 january 1971</ref>
It was this that led [[Lacan]] to coin the neologism ''linguistérie'' (from the words ''linguistique'' and ''hystérie'') to refer to his psychoanalytic use of linguistic concepts.<ref>{{S20}} p.20</ref>
--
[[Lacan]]'s concept of the [[letter]] is the subject of a critique by [[Jacques Derrida]] (1975) and by two of Derrida's follows (Lacoue-Labarthe and Nancy, 1973).
[[Lacan]] refers to the latter work in his 1972-3 seminar.<ref>{{S20}} p.62-6.</ref>
==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Psychoanalysis]]
[[Category:Jacques Lacan]]
[[Category:Dictionary]]
[[Category:Symbolic]]
[[Category:Concepts]]
[[Category:Terms]]
