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: [[Fr]]. ''[[linguistique]]''
=====Jacques Lacan=====
=====Early Work=====
While [[Lacan]]s interest in [[language]] can be traced back to the early 1930s, when he analyzed the [[writing]]s of a [[psychotic]] [[woman]] in his doctoral dissertation, it is only in the early 1950s that he begins to articulate his views of [[language]] in terms derived from a specific [[linguistics|linguistic theory]], and not until 1957 that he begins to engage with [[linguistics]] in any detail.
[[Lacan]]'s "linguistic turn" was inspired by the [[anthropology|anthropological]] work of [[Claude Lévi-Strauss]] who, in the 1940s, had begun to apply the methods of [[structure|structural]] [[linguistics]] to non-linguistic cultural data (myth, kinship relations, etc.), thus giving brith to "structural anthropology."
In so doing, [[Lévi-Strauss]] announced an ambitious programme, in which [[linguistics]] would provide a paradigm of [[science|scientificity]] for all the social sciences:
<blockquote>"Structural linguistics will certainly play the same renovating role with respect to the social sciences that nuclear physics, for example, has played for the physical sciences."<ref>Levi[[Claude Lévi-Strauss|Lévi-Strauss, Claude]]. 1945. "Structural analysis in linguistics and in anthropology," in ''Structural Anthropology'', trans. Claire Jacobson and Brooke Grundfest Schoepf, New York: Basic Books, 1963. p.33</ref></blockquote> ---
=====Jacques Lacan=====
=====Psychoanalytic Theory=====
Following the indications of [[Lévi-Strauss]], [[Lacan]] turns to [[linguistics]] to provide [[psychoanalytic theory]] with a conceptual rigour that it previously lacked.
The reason for this lakc lack of ocnceptual conceptual rigour was simply due, [[Lacan]] argues, to the fact that [[linguistics|structural lingusiticslinguistics]] appeared too alte late for [[Freud]] to make use of it.
=====Structural Linguistics=====
[[Lacan]]'s engagement with [[linguistics]] revolves almost entirely aorund the work of [[Ferdinand de Saussure]] and [[Roman Jakobson]].
=====Roman Jakobson=====
[[Jakobson]] further developed the line laid down by [[Saussure]], pioneering the development of phonology, as well as making important contributions to the fields of grammatical semantics, pragmatics and poetics.
=====Metaphor and Metonymy=====From [[Jakobson]], [[Lacan ]] borrows the cocnepts concepts of [[metaphor]] and [[metonymy] as the two axes ([[synchronic ]] and [[diachronic]]) along hwich which all lingusitic linguistic phenomena are alignealigned,d using these terms to understand [[Freud]]'s concepts of [[condensation]] and [[displacement]]. Other concepts which [[Lacan]] takes from [[linguistics]] are those of the [[shifter]], and the distinciton ebtwen the [[statement]] and the [[enunciation]]. ----
=====Other Linguistics Concepts=====
Other concepts which [[Lacan]] takes from [[linguistics]] are those of the [[shifter]], and the distinction betwen the [[statement]] and the [[enunciation]].
=====Linguistics and Psychoanalytic Theory=====
=====Psychoanalytic Use of Linguistic Concepts=====
In his borrowing of linguistic concepts, [[Lacan]] has been accused of grossly distorting them.
[[lacanLacan]] responds to such criticisms by arguing that he is not doing [[linguistics]] but [[psychoanalysis]], and this requires a certain modification of the concepts borrowed from [[linguistics]]. In the end, [[Lacan]] is not really interested in linguistic theory in itself, but only in the ways it can be used to develop [[psychoanalytic theory]].<ref>Lacan. 1970-1. seminar of 27 january 1971</ref> It was this that led [[Lacan]] to coin the neologism ''linguistérie'' (from the words ''linguistique'' and ''hystérie'') to refer to his psychoanalytic use of linguistic concepts.<ref>{{S20}} p.20</ref> -- [[Lacan]]'s concept of the [[letter]] is the subject of a critique by [[Jacques Derrida]] (1975) and by two of Derrida's follows (Lacoue-Labarthe and Nancy, 1973).
In the end, [[Lacan]] refers is not really interested in [[linguistics|linguistic theory]] in itself, but only in the ways it can be used to the latter work in his 1972-3 seminardevelop [[psychoanalytic theory]].<ref>{{S20L}} p1970-71. ''Le Seminaire. Livre XVIII.62D'un discours qui ne serait pas du semblant, 1970-671'', unpublished. [[Seminar]] of 27 January 1971.</ref>
It was this that led [[Lacan]] to coin the neologism ''[[linguistics|linguistérie]]'' (from the words ''[[linguistics|linguistique]]'' and ''[[hysteria|hystérie]]'') to refer to his psychoanalytic use of linguistic concepts.<ref>{{S20}} p.20</ref>
==See Also==
* [[Enunciation]]
* [[Language]]
* [[Metaphor]]
* [[Metonymy]]
* [[Shifter]]
* [[Sign]]
* [[Signified]]
* [[Signifier]]
* [[Statement]]
==References==
[[Category:Jacques Lacan]]
[[Category:Dictionary]]
[[Category:Language]]
[[Category:Symbolic]]
[[Category:Concepts]]
[[Category:Terms]]
[[Category:OK]]
