Difference between revisions of "Enunciation"

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==The Statement and the Enunciation==
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:[[Fr]]. ''[[énonciation]]''
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In [[linguistics|linguistic theory]] in Europe, one important distinction is that between the [[enunciation]] ([[Fr]. ''[[énonciation]]'') and the [[statement]] ([[Fr]]. ''[[énoncé]]'').
+
 
 +
=====Enunciation and Statement=====
 +
In [[linguistics|linguistic theory]] in Europe, one important distinction is that between the [[enunciation]] and the [[statement]].
  
 
This distinction concerns two ways of regarding linguistic production.
 
This distinction concerns two ways of regarding linguistic production.
  
−
When linguistic production is analyzed in terms of abstract grammatical units (such as sentences), independent of the specific circumstances of occurrence, it is referred to as a [[statement]].
+
* When linguistic production is analyzed in terms of abstract grammatical units (such as sentences), independent of the specific circumstances of occurrence, it is referred to as a [[statement]].
 +
 
 +
* On the other hand, when linguistic production is analyzed as an individual act performed by a particular speaker at a specific time / place, and in a specific situation, it is referred to as an "[[enunciation]]."
 +
 
 +
=====Jacques Lacan=====
 +
Long before [[Lacan]] uses these terms, he is aleady making a similar distinction.
  
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On the other hand, when linguistic production is analyzed as an individual act performed by a particular speaker at a specifi time/place, and in a specific stiaution, it is referred to as an "[[enunciation]]."
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In 1936, for example, he stresses that the act of [[speech|speaking]] contains a [[meaning]] in itself, even if the words spoken are "meaningless."<ref>{{Ec}} p.83</ref>
  
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===The Statement===
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Prior to any function it may have in "conveying a message," [[speech]] is an appeal to the [[other]].
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The [[statement]] (''[[énoncé]]'') refers to the actual words uttered.
 
  
−
The [[statement]] is analysed in terms of abstract grammar, independent of the specific circumstances of occurrence.
+
This attention to the act of [[speech|speaking]] in itself, irrespective of the content of the utterance, anticipates [[Lacan]]'s attention to the dimension of the [[enunciation]].
  
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===The Enunciation===
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=====Psychotic Language=====
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The [[enunciation]] (''[[énonciation]]'') refers to the act of uttering them.
+
When [[Lacan]] does come to use the term "[[enunciation]]" in 1946, it is first of all to describe strange characteristics of [[psychotic]] [[language]], with its "duplicity of the enunciation."<ref>{{Ec}} p.167</ref>
  
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The [[enunciation]] is analyzed as an individual act performed by a particular speaker at a specific time/place, and in a specific situation.
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=====Subject of the Unconscious=====
 +
Later, in the 1950s, the term is used to locate the [[subject]] of the [[unconscious]].
  
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--
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=====Graph of Desire=====
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In the [[graph of desire]], the lower [[signifying chain|chain]] is the [[statement]], which is [[speech]] in its [[conscious]] dimension, while the upper [[signifying chain|chain]] is "the unconscious enunciation."<ref>{{E}} p.316</ref>
  
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Long before [[Lacan]] uses these terms, he is aleayd making a similar distinction.
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=====Discourse of the Other=====
 +
In designating the [[enunciation]] as [[unconscious]], [[Lacan]] affirms that the source of [[speech]] is not the [[ego]], nor [[consciousness]], but the [[unconscious]]; [[language]] comes from the [[Other]], and the idea that "I" am [[master]] of my [[discourse]] is only an [[delusion|illusion]].
  
−
In 1936, for example, he stresses that the act of speaking contains a meaning in itself, even if the words spoken are "eamingless."<ref>{{Ec}} p.83</ref>
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=====Subject of the Statement or Subject of the Enunciation=====
 +
The very word "I" (''Je'') is ambiguous; as [[shifter]], it is both a [[signifier]] acting as [[subject]] of the [[statement]], and an [[index]] which designate, but does not [[signification|signify]], the [[subject]] of the [[[enunciation]].<ref>{{E}} p.298</ref>
  
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Prior to any function it may have in "conveying a message," [[speech]] is an appeal to the other.
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=====Split Subject=====
 +
The [[subject]] is thus [[split]] between these two levels, divided in the very act of articulating the ''I'' that presents the illusion of unity.<ref>{{S11}} p.139</ref>
  
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This attention to the act of speaking in itself, irrespective of the content of the utterance, antici[ates [[Lacan]]'s attention to the dimension of the [[enunciation]].
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--
  
 
--
 
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===Psychosis===
 
===Psychosis===
 
In 1946, Lacan uses the term 'enunciation' to describe strange characteristics of psychotic language, with its "duplicity of the enunciation."<ref>{{Ec}} p.167</ref>  
 
In 1946, Lacan uses the term 'enunciation' to describe strange characteristics of psychotic language, with its "duplicity of the enunciation."<ref>{{Ec}} p.167</ref>  
−
 
−
--
 
−
 
−
When [[Lacan]] does come to use the term "[[enunciation]]" in 1946, it is first of all to describe strange characteristics of [[psychotic]] [[language]], with its "duplicity of the enunciation."<ref>{{Ec}} p.167</ref>
 
−
 
−
Later, in the 1950s, the term is used to locate the [[subject]] of the [[unconscious]].
 
−
 
−
In the [[graph of desire]], the lower [[signifying chain|chain]] is the [[statement]], which is [[speech]] in its [[conscious]] dimension, while the upper [[signifying chain|chain]] is "the unconscious enunciation."<ref>{{E}} p.316</ref>
 
−
 
−
In designating the [[enunciation as [[unconscious]], [[Lacan]] affirms that the source of [[speech]]is not the [[ego]], nor [[consciousness]], but the [[unconscious]]; [[language]] comes from the [[Other]], and the idea that "i" am [[master]] of my [[discourse]] is only an illusion.
 
−
 
−
The very word "I" (''Je'') is ambiguous; as [[shifter]], it is both a [[signifier]] acting as [[subject]] of the [[statement]], and an [[index]] which designate, but does not [[signification|signify]], the [[subject]] of the [[[enunciation]].<ref>{{E}} p.298</ref>
 
−
 
−
The [[subject]] is thus [[split]] between these two levels, divided in the very act of articulating the ''I'' that presents the illusion of unity.<ref>{{S11}} p.139</ref>
 
  
 
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===Graph of Desire===
 
===Graph of Desire===
 
In the [[graph of desire]], the lower [[chain]] is the [[statement]], which is [[speech]] in its [[conscious]] dimension, while the upper [[chain]] is "the [[unconscious]] [[enunciation]]."<ref>{{E}} p.316</ref>
 
In the [[graph of desire]], the lower [[chain]] is the [[statement]], which is [[speech]] in its [[conscious]] dimension, while the upper [[chain]] is "the [[unconscious]] [[enunciation]]."<ref>{{E}} p.316</ref>
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==See Also==
 
==See Also==
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[[Category:Jacques Lacan]]
 
[[Category:Jacques Lacan]]
 
[[Category:Dictionary]]
 
[[Category:Dictionary]]
 +
 +
 +
===The Statement===
 +
The [[statement]] (''[[énoncé]]'') refers to the actual words uttered.
 +
 +
The [[statement]] is analysed in terms of abstract grammar, independent of the specific circumstances of occurrence.
 +
 +
===The Enunciation===
 +
The [[enunciation]] (''[[énonciation]]'') refers to the act of uttering them.
 +
 +
The [[enunciation]] is analyzed as an individual act performed by a particular speaker at a specific time/place, and in a specific situation.

Revision as of 06:14, 18 August 2006

Fr. énonciation
Enunciation and Statement

In linguistic theory in Europe, one important distinction is that between the enunciation and the statement.

This distinction concerns two ways of regarding linguistic production.

  • When linguistic production is analyzed in terms of abstract grammatical units (such as sentences), independent of the specific circumstances of occurrence, it is referred to as a statement.
  • On the other hand, when linguistic production is analyzed as an individual act performed by a particular speaker at a specific time / place, and in a specific situation, it is referred to as an "enunciation."
Jacques Lacan

Long before Lacan uses these terms, he is aleady making a similar distinction.

In 1936, for example, he stresses that the act of speaking contains a meaning in itself, even if the words spoken are "meaningless."[1]

Prior to any function it may have in "conveying a message," speech is an appeal to the other.

This attention to the act of speaking in itself, irrespective of the content of the utterance, anticipates Lacan's attention to the dimension of the enunciation.

Psychotic Language

When Lacan does come to use the term "enunciation" in 1946, it is first of all to describe strange characteristics of psychotic language, with its "duplicity of the enunciation."[2]

Subject of the Unconscious

Later, in the 1950s, the term is used to locate the subject of the unconscious.

Graph of Desire

In the graph of desire, the lower chain is the statement, which is speech in its conscious dimension, while the upper chain is "the unconscious enunciation."[3]

Discourse of the Other

In designating the enunciation as unconscious, Lacan affirms that the source of speech is not the ego, nor consciousness, but the unconscious; language comes from the Other, and the idea that "I" am master of my discourse is only an illusion.

Subject of the Statement or Subject of the Enunciation

The very word "I" (Je) is ambiguous; as shifter, it is both a signifier acting as subject of the statement, and an index which designate, but does not signify, the subject of the [[[enunciation]].[4]

Split Subject

The subject is thus split between these two levels, divided in the very act of articulating the I that presents the illusion of unity.[5]

--

--

The Subject

Lacan designates the enunciation as unconscious, and affirms that the source of speech is not the ego, nor consciousness, but the unconscious; language comes from the Other, and the idea that 'I' am master of my discourse is only an illusion.

The very word 'I' (Je) is ambiguous; as a shifter, it is both a signifier acting as subject of the statement, and an index which designates, but does not signify, the subject of the enunciation.[6]

The subject is thus split between these two levels, divided in the very act of articulating the "I" that presents the illusion of unity.[7]

Examples

Speech Act

Lacan focuses his attention on the dimension of the enunciation, the act of speaking in itself, irrespective of the content of the utterance.

In 1936, Lacan states that the act of speaking contains a meaning in itself, even if the actual words spoken are "meaningless."[8]

Speech, prior to any function it may have in "conveying a message," is an appeal to the other.

Psychosis

In 1946, Lacan uses the term 'enunciation' to describe strange characteristics of psychotic language, with its "duplicity of the enunciation."[9]

--

Subject of the Unconscious

In the 1950s, the term is used to locate the subject of the unconscious.

Graph of Desire

In the graph of desire, the lower chain is the statement, which is speech in its conscious dimension, while the upper chain is "the unconscious enunciation."[10]

See Also

References

  1. ↑ Lacan, Jacques. Écrits. Paris: Seuil, 1966. p.83
  2. ↑ Lacan, Jacques. Écrits. Paris: Seuil, 1966. p.167
  3. ↑ Lacan, Jacques. Écrits: A Selection. Trans. Alan Sheridan. London: Tavistock Publications, 1977. p.316
  4. ↑ Lacan, Jacques. Écrits: A Selection. Trans. Alan Sheridan. London: Tavistock Publications, 1977. p.298
  5. ↑ Lacan, Jacques. The Seminar. Book XI. The Four Fundamental Concepts of Psychoanalysis, 1964. Trans. Alan Sheridan. London: Hogarth Press and Institute of Psycho-Analysis, 1977. p.139
  6. ↑ E, 298
  7. ↑ Sll, 139
  8. ↑ Lacan, Jacques. Écrits. Paris: Seuil, 1966. p.83
  9. ↑ Lacan, Jacques. Écrits. Paris: Seuil, 1966. p.167
  10. ↑ Lacan, Jacques. Écrits: A Selection. Trans. Alan Sheridan. London: Tavistock Publications, 1977. p.316


The Statement

The statement (énoncé) refers to the actual words uttered.

The statement is analysed in terms of abstract grammar, independent of the specific circumstances of occurrence.

The Enunciation

The enunciation (énonciation) refers to the act of uttering them.

The enunciation is analyzed as an individual act performed by a particular speaker at a specific time/place, and in a specific situation.

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