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While the notion of a [[unconscious|non-conscious]] part of the [[mind]] or [[psyche]] has a long history in both [[philosophy]] and the [[psychology|psychological]] [[science|sciences]], [[Sigmund Freud]] is often credited with the discovery of the [[unconscious]].

[[Image:Freudpsyche.gif|thumb|300px|right|[[Unconscious|Freud's Model of the Unconscious]]]]

Although the term "[[unconscious]]" had been used by writers prior to [[Freud]], it acquires a completely original meaning in his work, in which it constitutes the single most important concept.

As a ''noun'', the ''noun-form'' designates one of the ''psychical systems'', refers to the [[unconscious|unconscious]] system, described by [[Freud]]'s, which [[Freud]] described in his, first theory of [[psyche|mental]] [[structure]] (the "[[topographical model]]"), first [[topography]] of the [[psyche]].

According to the [[Freud]]'s first "[[topographical model]]", the [[mind]] or [[psyche]]

is divided into three three separate component parts, systems or "psychical localities":

The [[unconscious|unconscious system]] is not merely that which is ''outside'' the field of [[consciousness]] at a given time, but that which has been radically [[separation|separated]] from [[consciousness]] by [[repression]] and thus cannot enter the [[conscious|conscious-preconscious system]] without [[distortion]].

In this model, in the second [[topography]], the [[unconscious|unconscious system]] is replaced by the agency of the [[id]], but [Freud]] continues to use "[[unconscious]]" as an adjective, no one agency is identical to the [[unconscious]], since even the [[ego]] and the [[superego]] have [[unconscious]] parts.

==Jacques Lacan==

[[Lacan]], before 1950, uses the term "[[unconscious]]" principally in its ''adjectival form'', making his early work seem particularly strange to those who are more familiar with [[Freud]]'s [[Sigmund Freud:Bibliography|writings]].

In the 1950s, however, as [[Lacan]] begins his "[[return to Freud]]," the term appears more frequently as a ''noun'', and [[Lacan]] increasingly emphasizes the originality of [[Freud]]'s concept of the [[unconscious]], stressing that it is not merely the opposite of [[consciousness]].

<blockquote>"A large number of psychical effects that are quite legitimately designated as unconscious, in the sense of excluding the characteristics of consciousness, are nonetheless without any relation whatever to the unconscious in the Freudian sense."<ref>{{E}} p.163</ref></blockquote>

[[Lacan]] argues that the concept of the [[unconscious]] was badly misunderstood by most of [[Freud]]'s followers, who reduced it to being "merely the seat of the instincts."<ref>{{E}} p. 147</ref>