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==The Statement and the Enunciation==
In [[linguistics|linguistic theory]] in Europe, one important distinction is that between the [[enunciation]] ([[Fr]. ''[[énonciation]]'') and the [[statement]] ([[Fr]]. ''[[énoncé]]'').
This distinction concerns two ways of regarding linguistic production.
When linguistic production is analyzed in terms of abstract grammatical units (such as sentences), independent of the specific circumstances of occurrence, it is referred to as a [[statement]].
===The Statement===
The [[statement]] (''enonce[[énoncé]]'') refers to the actual [[words]] uttered.
The [[statement]] is analysed in terms of abstract grammar, independent of the specific circumstances of occurrence.
===The Enunciation===
The [[enunciation]] (''enonciation[[énonciation]]'') refers to the act of uttering them.
The [[enunciation]] is analyzed as an individual act performed by a particular speaker at a specific time/place, and in a specific situation.
--
Long before [[Lacan]] uses these terms, he is aleayd making a similar distinction.
In 1936, for example, he stresses that the act of speaking contains a meaning in itself, even if the words spoken are "eamingless."<ref>{{Ec}} p.83</ref>
Prior to any function it may have in "conveying a message," [[speech]] is an appeal to the other.
This attention to the act of speaking in itself, irrespective of the content of the utterance, antici[ates [[Lacan]]'s attention to the dimension of the [[enunciation]].
--
==The Subject==
===Psychosis===
In 1946, Lacan uses the term 'enunciation' to describe strange characteristics of psychotic language, with its "duplicity of the enunciation."<ref>{{Ec}} p.167</ref>
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When [[Lacan]] does come to use the term "[[enunciation]]" in 1946, it is first of all to describe strange characteristics of [[psychotic]] [[language]], with its "duplicity of the enunciation."<ref>{{Ec}} p.167</ref>
Later, in the 1950s, the term is used to locate the [[subject]] of the [[unconscious]].
In the [[graph of desire]], the lower [[signifying chain|chain]] is the [[statement]], which is [[speech]] in its [[conscious]] dimension, while the upper [[signifying chain|chain]] is "the unconscious enunciation."<ref>{{E}} p.316</ref>
In designating the [[enunciation as [[unconscious]], [[Lacan]] affirms that the source of [[speech]]is not the [[ego]], nor [[consciousness]], but the [[unconscious]]; [[language]] comes from the [[Other]], and the idea that "i" am [[master]] of my [[discourse]] is only an illusion.
The very word "I" (''Je'') is ambiguous; as [[shifter]], it is both a [[signifier]] acting as [[subject]] of the [[statement]], and an [[index]] which designate, but does not [[signification|signify]], the [[subject]] of the [[[enunciation]].<ref>{{E}} p.298</ref>
The [[subject]] is thus [[split]] between these two levels, divided in the very act of articulating the ''I'' that presents the illusion of unity.<ref>{{S11}} p.139</ref>
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===Subject of the Unconscious===
===Graph of Desire===
In the [[graph of desire]], the lower [[chain]] is the [[statement]], which is [[speech]] in its [[conscious]] dimension, while the upper [[chain]] is "the [[unconscious]] [[enunciation]]."<ref>{{E}} p.316</ref>
==See Also==
* [[Discourse]]
* [[Psychosis]]
* [[Shifter]]
* [[Speech]]
* [[Unconscious]]
==References==
[[Category:Subject]]
[[Category:Symbolic]]
[[Category:Dictionary]]
[[Category:Psychoanalysis]]
[[Category:Jacques Lacan]]
