Difference between revisions of "The Act"
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{{Top}}acte{{Bottom}} | {{Top}}acte{{Bottom}} | ||
| − | ==Behavior== | + | =====Behavior===== |
An "[[act]]" is not mere "[[act|behavior]]" (such as that of all '''[[nature|animals]]''') but a uniquely [[act|''human'' act]], "since to our [[knowledge]] there is no other [[act]] but the [[human]] one."<ref>{{S11}} p. 50</ref> | An "[[act]]" is not mere "[[act|behavior]]" (such as that of all '''[[nature|animals]]''') but a uniquely [[act|''human'' act]], "since to our [[knowledge]] there is no other [[act]] but the [[human]] one."<ref>{{S11}} p. 50</ref> | ||
| − | ==Responsibility== | + | =====Responsibility===== |
A fundamental quality of an [[act]] is that the actor can be held [[responsible]] for it; the concept of the [[act]] is thus an [[ethical]] [[concept]]. | A fundamental quality of an [[act]] is that the actor can be held [[responsible]] for it; the concept of the [[act]] is thus an [[ethical]] [[concept]]. | ||
The [[psychoanalytic]] concept of [[responsibility]] is complicated in [[psychoanalysis]] by the discovery that, in addition to his [[conscious]] plans, the [[subject]] also has [[unconscious]] [[intention]]s. | The [[psychoanalytic]] concept of [[responsibility]] is complicated in [[psychoanalysis]] by the discovery that, in addition to his [[conscious]] plans, the [[subject]] also has [[unconscious]] [[intention]]s. | ||
| − | ==Parapraxes== | + | =====Parapraxes===== |
Hence someone may well commit an [[act]] which he claims was un[[intention]]al, but which [[analysis]] reveals to be the expression of an [[unconscious]] [[desire]]. | Hence someone may well commit an [[act]] which he claims was un[[intention]]al, but which [[analysis]] reveals to be the expression of an [[unconscious]] [[desire]]. | ||
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In [[law]], a [[subject]] cannot be found [[guilty]] of murder (for example) unless it can be proved that the [[act]] was [[intention]]al. | In [[law]], a [[subject]] cannot be found [[guilty]] of murder (for example) unless it can be proved that the [[act]] was [[intention]]al. | ||
| − | ==Responsibility== | + | =====Responsibility===== |
In [[psychoanalytic]] [[treatment]] the [[subject]] is faced with the [[ethical]] [[duty]] of assuming [[responsibility]] even for the [[unconscious]] [[desire]]s expressed in his [[action]]s. | In [[psychoanalytic]] [[treatment]] the [[subject]] is faced with the [[ethical]] [[duty]] of assuming [[responsibility]] even for the [[unconscious]] [[desire]]s expressed in his [[action]]s. | ||
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Neither [[acting out]] or a [[passage to the act]] are true [[act]]s, since the [[subject]] does not assume [[responsibility]] for his [[desire]] in these [[action]]s. | Neither [[acting out]] or a [[passage to the act]] are true [[act]]s, since the [[subject]] does not assume [[responsibility]] for his [[desire]] in these [[action]]s. | ||
| − | ==Ethics of Psychoanalysis== | + | =====Ethics of Psychoanalysis===== |
The [[ethics]] of [[psychoanalysis]] enjoin the [[analyst]] to assume [[responsibility]] for his or her [[act]]s (i.e. interventions in the [[treatment]]). | The [[ethics]] of [[psychoanalysis]] enjoin the [[analyst]] to assume [[responsibility]] for his or her [[act]]s (i.e. interventions in the [[treatment]]). | ||
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[[Lacan]] dedicates a year of his [[seminar]] to discussing further the nature of the [[act|psychoanalytic act]].<ref>[[Lacan|Lacan, Jacques]]. ''[[Seminar XI|Le Séminaire. Livre XV. L'acte psychanalytique, 1967-68]]''. Unpublished.</ref> | [[Lacan]] dedicates a year of his [[seminar]] to discussing further the nature of the [[act|psychoanalytic act]].<ref>[[Lacan|Lacan, Jacques]]. ''[[Seminar XI|Le Séminaire. Livre XV. L'acte psychanalytique, 1967-68]]''. Unpublished.</ref> | ||
| − | ==Conclusion== | + | =====Conclusion===== |
A [[bungled action]] is, as has been stated, successful from the point of view of the [[unconscious]]. | A [[bungled action]] is, as has been stated, successful from the point of view of the [[unconscious]]. | ||
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The [[death drive]] is thus closely connected with the [[ethics|ethical domain]] in [[Lacan]]'s thought. | The [[death drive]] is thus closely connected with the [[ethics|ethical domain]] in [[Lacan]]'s thought. | ||
| − | ==See Also== | + | =====See Also===== |
{{See}} | {{See}} | ||
* [[Analyst]] | * [[Analyst]] | ||
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{{Also}} | {{Also}} | ||
| − | == References == | + | =====References===== |
<references/> | <references/> | ||
{{FFC}} p. 50 | {{FFC}} p. 50 | ||
| − | <blockquote>[[Repetition]] first appears in a form that is not clear, that is not self-evident, like a reproduction, or a making present, ''in act''. That is why I have placed ''The Act'' with a large question-mark at the bottom of the blackboard so as to indicate that, as long as we speak of the relations of [[ | + | <blockquote>[[Repetition]] first appears in a form that is not clear, that is not self-evident, like a reproduction, or a making present, ''in act''. That is why I have placed ''The Act'' with a large question-mark at the bottom of the blackboard so as to indicate that, as long as we speak of the relations of [[repetition]] with the [[real]], this [[act]] will remain on our horizon.</blockquote> |
[[Category:Psychoanalysis]] | [[Category:Psychoanalysis]] | ||
Revision as of 00:42, 11 September 2006
| French: acte |
Behavior
An "act" is not mere "behavior" (such as that of all animals) but a uniquely human act, "since to our knowledge there is no other act but the human one."[1]
Responsibility
A fundamental quality of an act is that the actor can be held responsible for it; the concept of the act is thus an ethical concept.
The psychoanalytic concept of responsibility is complicated in psychoanalysis by the discovery that, in addition to his conscious plans, the subject also has unconscious intentions.
Parapraxes
Hence someone may well commit an act which he claims was unintentional, but which analysis reveals to be the expression of an unconscious desire.
Freud called these acts "parapraxes," or "bungled actions."
They are "bungled" only from the point of view of the conscious intention, since they are successful in expressing an unconscious desire.[2]
In law, a subject cannot be found guilty of murder (for example) unless it can be proved that the act was intentional.
Responsibility
In psychoanalytic treatment the subject is faced with the ethical duty of assuming responsibility even for the unconscious desires expressed in his actions.
He must recognize even apparently accidental actions as true acts which express an intention, albeit unconscious, and assume this intention as his own.
Neither acting out or a passage to the act are true acts, since the subject does not assume responsibility for his desire in these actions.
Ethics of Psychoanalysis
The ethics of psychoanalysis enjoin the analyst to assume responsibility for his or her acts (i.e. interventions in the treatment).
The analyst must be guided (in these interventions) by an appropriate desire, which Lacan calls the desire of the analyst.
An intervention can only be called a true "psychoanalytic act" when it succeeds in expressing the desire of the analyst -- that is, when it helps the analysand to move towards the end of analysis.
Lacan dedicates a year of his seminar to discussing further the nature of the psychoanalytic act.[3]
Conclusion
A bungled action is, as has been stated, successful from the point of view of the unconscious.
Nevertheless, this success is only partial because the unconscious desire is expressed in a distorted form.
It follows that, when it is fully and consciously assumed, "suicide is the only completely successful act."[4]
The act expresses completely an intention which is both conscious and unconscious, the conscious assumption of the unconscious death drive (on the other hand, a sudden impulsive suicide attempt is not a true act, but probably a passage to the act).
The death drive is thus closely connected with the ethical domain in Lacan's thought.
See Also
References
- ↑ Lacan, Jacques. The Seminar. Book XI. The Four Fundamental Concepts of Psychoanalysis, 1964. Trans. Alan Sheridan. London: Hogarth Press and Institute of Psycho-Analysis, 1977. p. 50
- ↑ Freud, Sigmund. The Psychopathology of Everyday Life. SE VI. 1901.
- ↑ Lacan, Jacques. Le Séminaire. Livre XV. L'acte psychanalytique, 1967-68. Unpublished.
- ↑ Lacan, Jacques. Télévision, Paris: Seuil, 1973. Television: A Challenge to the Psychoanalytic Establishment, ed. Joan Copjec, trans. Denis Hollier, Rosalind Krauss and Annette Michelson, New York: Norton, 1990]. p.66-7
Index
Further information about The Act can be found in the following reference(s):
- Lacan, Jacques. The Four Fundamental Concepts of Psycho-Analysis. Ed. Alan Sheridan. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1981. p. 50
Repetition first appears in a form that is not clear, that is not self-evident, like a reproduction, or a making present, in act. That is why I have placed The Act with a large question-mark at the bottom of the blackboard so as to indicate that, as long as we speak of the relations of repetition with the real, this act will remain on our horizon.
